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Psych. of Ab. Behavior - Ch. 4 (Test 1)

Terms in this set (50)

Based upon 30 years of study, compelling empirical evidence indicates that the most efficacious treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder is ________ therapy.
BT and CBT
Given efficacy rates and empirical research results, the _______ approach(es) to treatment of anxiety disorders result(s) in remission rates of about _______.
behavioral and biological; 70%
Among people with OCD who were treated with cingulotomy, ________ of those unresponsive to pharmacological and behavioral interventions had at least a partial treatment response after neurosurgery.
45%
Which of the following therapies is an example of cognitive-behavioral treatment?
A therapist asks a person afraid of crowds to go to a theater and reflect on any negative thoughts that occur. Then, the person is asked to generate some alternative positive thoughts to counteract the negative thoughts.
In ________, gamma knife surgery makes precise lesions in the brain tissue without the need for opening the skull.
capsulotomy
_________ is a common tool for the treatment of certain specific phobia such as fear of flying.
Virtual reality
How is trichotillomania (TTM) different from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
TTM is associated with less severe anxiety and depression than OCD.
Which of the following symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is known as re-experiencing?
During a 4th of July celebration, Connor suddenly feels as if he is back in Baghdad on the night enemy RPGs hit his army tank convoy.
In investigating potential racial/ethnic differences for the incidence of PTSD following Hurricane Hugo in 1989, researchers found
the incidence of PTSD was the same for African American and non-African American children, when demographic and proximity factors were controlled
The three most prevalent specific phobias in the general population are fear of
heights, insects, and being in closed spaces
Which of the following individuals is most likely to suffer from generalized anxiety disorder?
Taryn, a 27-year old pediatric resident who never stops worrying about misdiagnosing patients.
Taijin kyofusho is different from other social phobias in that it occurs mostly in
young, Asian men, fearing offending others or making them feel uncomfortable due to their own inappropriate social behavior or perceived physical blemish/deformity.
People with agoraphobia would be most likely to avoid which of the following?
theaters
Which of the following scenarios correctly describes a panic disorder with agoraphobia?
While driving through a tunnel on her way to work, Barb suddenly begins to feel faint and overheated.. She thinks she is having a stroke and heads to the hospital, but the doctors there conclude she experienced a panic attack.
Donna, a 15-year old, is most likely to experience distress
initiating/maintaining conversations
Darien faints every time he gets an injection or must have blood drawn. He most likely suffers from
blood injury illness phobia and vasovagal syncope
________ is/are characteristic(s) of emotions such as anxiety and fear.
Heightened physical arousal, cognitive/subjective distress, and behavioral avoidance
The __________ is responsible for recognizing threatening situations and coordinating appropriate responses.
hypothalamus
When she is 13 years old, Karen is most likely to be afraid of which of the following items?
personal injury
The total number of fears
decreases as age increases
Which of the following statements is most likely made by a person experiencing an anxiety sensitivity mode of fear acquisition?
"My palms sweat when I am anxious, and I will just die of embarrassment if I shake the company president's hand with a sweaty, clammy palm."
Which of the following abnormal behavior investigations is most likely to reveal a disorder's heritability?
genetics
Which of the following statement about neuroanatomy and anxiety disorders is TRUE?
Gamma aminobutryic acid (GABA) inhibits postsynaptic activity, and reducing this activity inhibits anxious emotion.
Laura was on a family vacation in Bermuda when a hurricane struck the island. They evacuated their beachfront hotel room and moved to the inner corridor on the fifth floor. They stayed there for two days in the dark as the storm ravaged the island. It took several days for them to book a flight out after the weather had cleared. When the family decided to travel to the Dominican Republic several months later, Laura refused to go, fearing that a hurricane would strike. Laura may have a _______, which makes her more vulnerable for developing a disorder.
high degree of anxiety-proneness
________ is a cognitive theory of fear acquisition.
anxiety sensitivity
Which of the following symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is known as foreshortened future?
As Connor watches the 4th of July celebration, he cannot help but feel that this may be his last 4th of July.
Among women, about ________ of the cases of PTSD are associated with sexual assault.
50%
Which of the following is a component of obsessive-compulsive disorder?
The obsessions or compulsions are not excessive worries about real-life problems.
Which of the following is a common obsession?
failure to engage safety devices
Patients suffering from anxiety disorders, such as GAD and PTSD, are most likely to be treated with __________ in order to correct serotonin imbalances.
Zoloft
Which of the following statements about interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is FALSE?
IPT is currently recommended as the primary treatment for anxiety disorders.
A patient with panic disorder without agoraphobia is most likely to be treated with
Prozac
Neuroanatomical studies show that violent or sexual thoughts or impulses (often reported by people with OCD) appear to originate in the
orbital prefrontal cortex
____________ first proposed the concept of behavioral inhibition.
Jerome Kagan
Which of the following scenarios details a psychodynamic theory of fear acquisition?
Justin's good friend lost his father at an early age when he was swept into a river by a strong tornado. Justin's father told him never to let anyone see his genitalia. Justin's tornado fears and his concerns about his genitalia most likely were the result of an Oedipus complex.
Which of the following statement about neuroanatomy and anxiety disorders is TRUE?
Gamma aminobutryic acid (GABA) inhibits postsynaptic activity, and reducing this activity inhibits anxious emotion.
Behavioral inhibition is identifiable in children by age
4 months
Which of the following details an information transfer theory of fear acquisition?
Justin learned to be afraid of tornadoes because his father told him they could destroy buildings and hurt people.
While hiking in the forest, Paul came upon a bear hunting along the river. Paul tries to calm his rapid heartbeat and slow his breathing as he edges backwards along the path. The _________ system is responsible for helping Paul back calmly away.
parasympathetic nervous
Which of the following statements correctly defines the term panic attack?
People experiencing panic attacks usually report a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort and a cascade of physical symptoms.
Carl's parents are concerned because their 2-year old son is afraid of both learning to use the toilet and the dark. Which of the following statements is TRUE about his fears?
It is normal for children ages 1-2 to fear toileting activities. Usually, children ages 3-5 are afraid of the dark, but Carl might be more cognitively developed than his peers.
While hiking in the forest, Paul came upon a bear hunting along the river. Paul knows the best thing to do is to remain quiet and back away very slowly, but his body is suddenly primed to run away at full speed. The _________ system is activated when Paul first encounters the bear.
sympathetic nervous
Which of the following scenarios represents the most common behavioral symptom of anxiety?
A commuter avoids high-speed roads and takes the rural route to work, increasing his commute time by thirty minutes even if this causes him to be late for work.
In the United States, ________ of adults suffer from an anxiety disorder at some time in their lives.
31.2%
Which of the following statements about anxiety disorders is FALSE?
Anxiety disorder have an average age onset of 20 years old
Caleb, an 8-year old, is most likely to experience distress in which of the following social situations?
initiating conversation with his teacher
What type of specific phobia is the fear of flying?
situational
Bradycardia can result from vasovagal syncope, or a fear of needles, blood, or physical injury. What is bradycardia?
A slower than normal heart rate
Which of the following statements about social anxiety disorder is FALSE?
Children with social anxiety disorder show anxiety only when interacting with unfamiliar adults.
What type of disorder was football star Ricky Williams suffering from when he would give interviews with his helmet on or shy away from fans, causing many to describe him as aloof or weird?
social anxiety disorder
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