Chapter 19: Revolution in Politics Main Ideas

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What were the factors behind the revolutions of the late eighteenth century?
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What were the factors behind the revolutions of the late eighteenth century?
- Liberty, equality, fraternity
- wanted to establish a new republic
Why and how did American colonists forge a new, independent nation?
- separate from Great Britain
- the fought with Britain
- Britain eventually acknowledged America as an independent nation
How did the events of 1789 result in a constitutional monarchy in France, and what were the consequences?
- it took a lot of bloodshed
- the people believed that a new republic could only be born if the King would die
- the king and queen are both beheaded
- a lot of people were executed at the word of Robespierre
Why and how did the French Revolution take a radical turn entailing terror at home and war with European powers?
- bread riots were mostly held by women who wanted to feed their families
- people invaded the royal palace
- people invaded Bastille as a means to get weapons
- a lot of people who were suspected of going against the new republic would be beheaded
Why did Napoleon Bonaparte assume control of France and much of Europe, and what factors led to his downfall?
- he was a skilled military man
- had a lot of victories that led him to become commander
- he failed in Egypt but then he returned to France so it did not ruin his reputation
- he conquered most of Europe
- imposed the Continental System
- was at war with most of Europe at one time
- Prussia, Russia, Austria, and Britain became allies to overthrow Napoleon
- he was sent to Alba to live out his days but he comes back
- in the end he gets sent to Africa (St. Helena) to live out his days.
How did slave revolt on colonial Saint-Domingue lead to the creation of the independent nation of Haiti in 1804?
- 90% of the population consisted of people of color/slaves.
- there were free people of color.
- free people of color wanted to be seen as equals to Creoles (white people born in the colonies).
- L'Overture: was a political leader and commander, once a slave but then he was freed, first he fought with the Spanish but then he switched to fighting with the French against the Spanish.
- slaves held meetings in which they discussed when they were going to revolt.
- slaves rebelled and destroyed sugar and coffee plantations.
- France promised freedom to those who joined them in defeating the rebels.
- 1804: Haiti became an independent nation.