Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Cosmetology Milady Chapter 6

Terms in this set (116)

Anatomy
the study of the human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye & how the body parts are organized
Physiology
the study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures.
-ology
the study of
Histology
aka microscopic anatomy
Histology
the study of tiny structures found in living tissues
cells
basic units of all living things
protoplasm
cells of all living things are composed of a substance called....
protoplasm
a colorless jelly-like substance found inside cells which food elements such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts & water are present
nucleus
dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell. plays an important part in cell reproduction & metabolism
cytoplasm
is the protoplasm of a cell
cell membrane
the cell part that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter & leave the cell
Mitosis
the usual process of cell production of human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into 2 identical cells called daughter cells
centrioles
2 small structures near the necleus. move to each side during the mitosis process to help divide the cell..
metabolism
chemical process that takes place in living organisms, through which cells are noursished & carry out their activities
metabolism
chemical process that takes place in living organisms, through which cells are noursished & carry out their activities
anabolism
constructive metabolism, the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
anabolism
constructive metabolism, the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
catabolism
phase of metabolism that involves breaking down of complex coumpounds within the cells into smaller ones
catabolism
phase of metabolism that involves breaking down of complex coumpounds within the cells into smaller ones
tissue
collection of similar cells that perform a particular function
tissue
collection of similar cells that perform a particular function
connective tissue
fibrous tissue that bindes together, protects & supports the various parts of the body. ex bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood & lymph & adipose tissue
connective tissue
fibrous tissue that bindes together, protects & supports the various parts of the body. ex bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood & lymph & adipose tissue
adipose tissue
fat
adipose tissue
fat
epithelial tissue
a protective covering on body surfaces such as the skin, mucous membranes, tissue in mouth, lining of the heart & digestive & respiratory organs & the glands
epithelial tissue
a protective covering on body surfaces such as the skin, mucous membranes, tissue in mouth, lining of the heart & digestive & respiratory organs & the glands
muscle tissue
contracts & moves various parts of the body
muscle tissue
contracts & moves various parts of the body
nerve tissue
carries messages to & from the brain & controls & coordinates all bodily functions.
nerve tissue
carries messages to & from the brain & controls & coordinates all bodily functions.
organs
structures composed of specialized tissue designed to perform specific functions
organs
structures composed of specialized tissue designed to perform specific functions
Body systems
groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions.
Body systems
groups of body organs acting together to perform one or more functions.
9 (nine)
How many Major body Organs are there?
brain
controls the body. Part of the CNS contained in the cranium. largest & most complex nerve tissue & controls sensation, muscles, activity of glands and the power to think, sense & feel
brain
controls the body
eyes
control the body's vision
eyes
control the body's vision
heart
circulates the blood
kidneys
excrete water & waste products
lungs
supply oxygen to the blood
liver
removes waste created by digestion
skin
covers the body & is the external protective coating
stomach
digests food, along with the intestines
intestines
digest food, along with the stomach
11 (eleven)
How many Main Body Systems are there?
Circulatory
controls the steady circulations of the blood through the body by means of the heart & blood vessels
Circulatory
controls the steady circulations of the blood through the body by means of the heart & blood vessels
Digestive
breaks down foods into nurtients & wastes. consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary & gastric glands & other organs
Digestive
breaks down foods into nurtients & wastes. consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary & gastric glands & other organs
endocrine
affects the growth, development, sexual functions, & health of the entire body consists of specialized glands
endocrine
affects the growth, development, sexual functions, & health of the entire body consists of specialized glands
excretory
purifies the body by eleminating waste matter; consists of the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestines & lungs
Excretory System
purifies the body by eleminating waste matter; consists of the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestines & lungs
Integumentary System
serves as a protective covering & helps regulate the body's temperature, consists of skin & its accessory organs such as oil & sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair & nails
integumentary System
serves as a protective covering & helps regulate the body's temperature, consists of skin & its accessory organs such as oil & sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair & nails
Lymphatic/immune System
protects the body from disease by developing immunities
Lymphatic/immune System
protects the body from disease by developing immunities
Muscular System
covers shpates & holds the skeletal sytem in place. contracts & moves various parts of the body
Nervous System
controls & coordinates all other systems of the body & makes them work. Brain, spinal cord & nerves
Reproductive System
Produces offspring & passes the genetic code from one generation to the another
Respiratory System
Enables breathing, supplying the body with oxygen, & eliminating carbon dioxide as a waste product; consists of the lungs & air passages
Skeletal System
forms the physical foundation of the body. compased of 206 bones
Joint
the connection between 2 or more bones of the skeleton.
buccal nerve
branch of the 7th cranial nerve that affects the mouth...
buccinator muscle
thin, flat mucle of the cheek between the upper & lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips
capillaries
tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the smaller artieries to the vunules.
cardiac muscle
involuntary muscle that is the heart.
carpus
wrist. joint composted of 8 small bones
cervial cutaneous
cervical nerve located at the side of the neck
cervical nerves
branches of the 7th cranial nerve
cervical vertebrae
7 bones of the top part of the vertebral column
clavicle
collarbone
common carotid arteries
main artieries that supply blood to the head, face & neck
common peroneal nerve
a division of the sciatic nerve that extends from behind the knee to wind around the head of the fibula to the front of the lege where it divides into 2 branches
corrugator muscle
muscle located beneath the frontalis & orbicularis oculi muscles that draws the eyebrow down & wrinkles the forehead vertically
cranium
oval, bony case that protects the brain
deep peroneal nerve
anterior tibial nerve. down the front of the leg behind the mucles
deltoid
large triangular muscle convering gthe should joing that allows the arm to extned outward & to side of body
dendrites
tree-like branching of nerve fibers extending from the nerve cell;
depressor labii inferioris muscle
aka quadratus labii inferioris muscle, muscle surrounding the lower lip
diaphragm
muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region & helps control breathing
digestive system
aka gastrointestinal system; body system that breaks down food into nutrients & waste.
digital nerve
sensory-motor ner that supplies impulses to the fingers
dorsal nerve
aka dorsal cutaneous nerve; a nerve that extends up from the toes & foot, under the skin, supplying impulses to toes & foot
dorsalis pedis artery
artery that supplies blood to the foot
11th cranial nerve
aka accessory nerve; a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck & shoulder muscles
11th cranial nerve
aka accessory nerve; a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck & shoulder muscles
endocrine glands
aka ductless glands, glands such as the thyroid *& pituitary gland that release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream
endocrine glands
aka ductless glands, glands such as the thyroid *& pituitary gland that release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream
epicranial aponeurosis
tendon that connects the occipitalis and frontalis muscles
epicranial aponeurosis
tendon that connects the occipitalis and frontalis muscles
epicranius
also known as occipitofrontalis; the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull & consists of the occipitalis *& frontalis
epicranius
also known as occipitofrontalis; the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull & consists of the occipitalis *& frontalis
ethmoid bone
light spongy bone between the yey sockets; forms part of the nasal cavities
ethmoid bone
light spongy bone between the yey sockets; forms part of the nasal cavities
exhalation
breathing outward; expelling carbon dioxide
exhalation
breathing outward; expelling carbon dioxide
exocrine glands
aka duct glands; produce a substance that travels through small tube-like ducts
exocrine glands
aka duct glands; produce a substance that travels through small tube-like ducts
extensor digitorum longus
mescle that bends the foot up & extends the toes
extensor digitorum longus
mescle that bends the foot up & extends the toes
extensor hallucis longus
muscle that extends the big toe & flexes the foot
extensor hallucis longus
muscle that extends the big toe & flexes the foot
extensors
muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, & fingers to form a straight line
extensors
muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, & fingers to form a straight line
external carotid artery
artery that supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck & sides of the head
external carotid artery
artery that supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck & sides of the head
external jugular vein
vein located at the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart form the head, face & neck
external jugular vein
vein located at the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart form the head, face & neck
facial artery
aka external maxillary artery; branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the lower region of the face, mouth, & nose
facial artery
aka external maxillary artery; branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the lower region of the face, mouth, & nose
facial skeleton
framework of the face compsed of 14 bones
facial skeleton
framework of the face compsed of 14 bones
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...