11 terms

# Psych 210: test 2:Introduction to Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing

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Statistic
a characteristic of the sample, such as the mean of the sample scores
Parameter
Describes a characteristic of the population; such as the mean of all population scores
Inferential statistics
Techniques used to make generalizations about the population from which the sample was drawn; to determine the likelihood that the sample result is due to chance/error
Hypothesis testing
Method of using sample data to evaluate a claim about a population parameter; a method for making rational decisions about the reality of our sample results
Hypothesis
Null hypothesis
There is no effect, no relationship, no difference, nothing real in the population
Alternative hypothesis
There is an effect, a relationship, a difference, something is happening.
Type 1 error
incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis.
Type 2 error
Incorrect acceptance of the null hypothesis.
Probability of replication
the probability that an effect will be seen again if the study is repeated
Power
The likelihood of correctly detecting a real effect (correct rejection of null); in other words, the likelihood of getting a statistically significant result