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Foreign Affairs (Ch. 23)

Terms in this set (49)

Isolationism
Having little to do with the political affairs of other nations
(ex Washington's Farewell Address)
Imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.
Expansionism
the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country
Alaska
Purchased from Russia for 7.2 million or .02 an acre.
Nicknnamed "Seward's Folly or Seward's Icebox)
Benefits include easier trade with Asia, step towards continentalism, rid N.America of some foreign influence
1959-49th state
William Seward
Secretary of State that negotiated the sale of Alaska with Russia.
Hawaii
Annexed by US in 1898 after Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown in a bloodless revolt
Japan
Had been strict isolationists since the 1600's
Treaty of Kanagawa allowed the US to trade with Japan
Commodore Matthew Perry
Negoitated the Treaty of Kanagawa with Japan (brought warships)
Treaty of Kanagawa
Opened two ports of trade in Japan
Help for shipwrecked sailors
Refueling stations
China
Foreign spheres of influence were dominating trade with China. US writes the Open Door Policy to secure US trade with the spheres of influence
Spheres of Influence
Ports in China where foreign countries had special trading priviledges (Germany, Russia, Japan, Great Britain, France)
Open Door Policy
Opened the spheres of influence to trade with all nations.
John Hay
Secretary of State that wrote the Open Door Policy
Boxer Rebellion
Uprising of Chinese patriots that unsuccessfully attempted to rid China of foreign influence
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Naval captain who urged the US to increase the size of the navy for foreign trade (Great White Fleet)
Cuba
Rebelled against Spain leading to the Spanish American War. Influenced by US after the war through the Platt Amendment.
Platt Amendment
Gave the US the ability to intervene in Cuba's affairs and to establish a naval base at Guantanamo Bay
Yellow Journalism
Increased tension in US over Spanish cruelty of Cubans. Exaggerated/sensationalized stories of Spanish cruelty
(Pulitzer and Hearst)
USS Maine
US battleship stationed off the coast of Cuba in the Havana Harbor. It exploded in Feb. 1898. Immediate cause of the Spanish American War
General Valeriano Weyler
Spanish general sent to Spain to stop the Cuban rebels. Nicknamed the "Butcher"
Purto Rico
US acquires influence over Puerto Rico as a result of the Spanish American War (Foraker Act)
Philippine Islands
US purchased from Spain for $20 million as a result of the Spanish American War. Fought a war with the Filipinos who resented US control.
Emilio Aguinaldo
Rebelled against US control of the Philippine Islands
President McKinely
President during the Spanish American War
Rough Riders
Volunteer regiment of US Cavalry led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish American War. Instrumental in the Battle of San Juan Hill
Buffalo Soldiers
African American soldiers who fought in the Spanish-American War. Instrumental in the Battle of San Juan Hill
Commodore Dewey
Sailed from China to the Philippines (Manila) and destroyed Spain's Pacific fleet as instructed by Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt
Rough Rider
President during the building of the Panama Canal
Fond of the African proverb "Speak softly but carry a big stick and you will go far.
isthmus
a relatively narrow strip of land (with water on both sides) connecting two larger land areas (Panama)
Panama Canal
Supported a Panamanian revolt in order to build the Panama Canal.
Colombia
Had refused Roosevelt's offer of $10 million and $250,000 a year for permission to build a canal in Panama which at that time was under their control. They refused Roosevelt's offer.
Roosevelt Corollary
Increased US control in Latin America in order to protect US investments. It allowed the US to exercise international police power.
Led to resentment of the US.
Added to the Monroe Doctrine
Nicknamed the "Big Stick Policy"
Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft's policy of extending control in Latin America by encouraging American bankers and business men to invest in Latin America (railroads, industry..) so they become economically dependant on the US
Domestic Policy
Issues/policies dealing with problems within the nation.
Foreign Policy
Issues/policies that impact other nations
Farewell Address
Washington's advise to follow a policy of isolationism. Stay out of Europe's affairs and they should stay out of ours, trade impartially...
Monroe Doctrine
1823 - Declared that Europe should not establish new colonies in North and South America (particular concern about Latin America). It stated that established colonies would not be interfered with. (Isolationism)
USS Nashville
US sent this battleship to Panama to inspire a Panamanian revolt against Colombia in out pursuit to build the Panama Canal.
George Goethal
Engineer of the Panama Canal upon it's completion.
Dr. William Gorgas
Greatly reduced the cases of yellow fever and malaria by ordering swamps in Panama to be drained and pesticides sprayed.
Carlos Juan Finlay
Made the determination that mosquitoes transmitted yellow fever and malaria.
William Howard Taft
Encouraged Dollar Diplomacy
Philippine American War
Us fought Filipino rebels (Emilio Aguinaldo) after US purchased the Philippines from Spain following the Spanish American War.
Protectorate
A country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power. (ex. Cuba - Platt Amendment)
Foraker Act
gave the US direct control over and power to set up a government in Puerto Rico
General Pershing
Led the Buffalo Soldiers in the Spanish American War.
Battle of San Juan Hill
July 1, 1898-One of the most important battles of the Spanish-American War. Roosevelt, the Rough Riders and Pershing's Buffalo Soldiers defeated Spanish on Kettle and San Juan Hill.
Reconcentration Camps
Detention camps... Used by Spain in Cuba to stop the Cuban rebellion and in Philippines by American to stop the Filipino rebellion.
Guam
Ceded by American following the Spanish American War
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