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Chapter 11-16

Terms in this set (134)

Incumbents may have some problems in reelection campaigns if
disruptive issues such as general public discontent with Congress becomes prominent.

the incumbent is tainted with charges of personal misconduct or corruption.

the election is a midterm election and the incumbent is of the same party as the president.

through redistricting, they are placed in a disadvantageous district.

all of the above.
The trustee views their role is
NOT
to reflect the interests of their voters as much as possible. (IDK)
There are currently __________ voting members of the U.S. House of Representatives and __________ voting members of the U.S. Senate.
435; 100
Committees kill roughly __________ percent of the bills submitted in Congress.
90
Most legislative work of Congress is performed by
the standing committees and subcommittees with jurisdiction over particular policy areas.
Through a vote for cloture, the Senate
ends a filibuster
The oversight responsibility of Congress is
relatively easy to carry out.

becoming less and less important to the nation.

more interesting to most legislators than policy making responsibilities.

the task on which legislators spend most of their time.
none of the above.
The highest priority for most members of Congress is
getting reelected
On broad issues of national significance, Congress is ordinarily most responsive to the initiatives of
NOT
bureaucratic agencies.
The modern Congress is different from the 19th century Congress in that most members
are now career politicians who want to stay in Congress.
The second most powerful person in Washington, D.C. (after the president) is often said to be
the speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives
Defining the conditions and scheduling a bill for floor debate in the House of Representatives is the responsibility of the
Rules committee.
The trading of votes between members of Congress so that each gets the legislation he or she wants is
logrolling
The major function of Congress
is to enact legislation
Which of the following is an examples of a method to slow down the passage of a bill into a law:
convince the Speaker to slow down consideration of the bill.

lobby the Rules Committee members who oppose a bill during the markup sessions.

call a press conference to call attention and build up a grass roots coalition against the bill.

propose a series of amendments that weaken the bill or make it less attractive.
all of these.
The two presidencies thesis refers to
foreign policies versus domestic policies.
Having a contradiction between low self-esteem and superficial optimism are the character traits of which type of presidential characterization?
passive-positive
Which of the following describes what political scientist Hugh Heclo calls "the illusion of presidential government"?
the presidential image-building through public relations that contributes to the idea that the president is in charge of the national government
The only two states that are exceptions to the unit rule for allocating their electoral votes in a presidential election are ___________________.
Maine and Nebraska
The Executive Office of the President (EOP) was created in _______.
1939
The War Powers Act was enacted in order to
NOT allow the president more leeway in committing U.S. troops to combat.
The forced removal of a president from office through impeachment and conviction requires action by
the House and Senate in separate proceedings.
The Executive Office of the President (EOP) was created in
1939
Presidents' accomplishments have largely depended on
whether circumstances favor strong presidential leadership.
According to the lecture notes, Barber argues:
presidential personality is patterned and style is his way of acting.

a president's personality interacts with the power situation he faces along with the nation's climate of expectations.

a president's personality is important in shaping his presidential behavior in nontrivial matters.

the best way to predict a president's personality is to look into their childhood.

all of the above
The Whig theory holds that the presidency
is a limited office whose occupant is confined to the exercise of expressly granted constitutional powers.
The honeymoon period occurs during
the first part of a president's term.
What did Alexander Hamilton argue about war in Federalist No. 69?
A surprise attack on the United States is the only justification for war by presidential action.
__________ ended the practice of nominating presidential candidates by party caucuses in Congress.
Andrew Jackson
Which of the following did not serve as a state governor prior to being president?
John Kennedy
A principle of bureaucratic organization is
hierarchical authority.

job specialization.

formalized rules.

all of the above.
The assassination of President ___________ did much to end the spoils system of distributing government jobs.
James Garfield
The term stare decisis refers to
adherence to precedent.
Senatorial courtesy refers to the tradition whereby
senators are consulted on the nomination of lower-court federal judgeships in their state.
Federal civil service employees cannot legally
go on strike.
The Civil Service Commission was created by the
Pendleton Act.
The administrative concept of neutral competence holds that bureaucracy should
be staffed by people chosen on the basis of their skills and do its work fairly on behalf of all citizens.
The U.S. courts of appeal
review district court decisions.
A written Supreme Court opinion that, in the absence of a majority opinion, represents the reasoning of most of the justices who side with the winning pary is a
NOT prevailing opinion.
(IDK but I don't think its concurring)
With regard to public opinion, the Supreme Court generally
attempts to stay close enough to public opinion to reduce the likelihood of outright defiance of its decisions.
The modern civil service system is based on
codified classifications and prerequisite experience or competitive testing.
The Supreme Court is most likely to grant a hearing when a case involves
an issue that is being decided inconsistently by the lower courts.
A judicial decision that establishes a rule for settling subsequent cases of a similar nature is a
precedent
The Senior Executive Service (SES)
is composed of civil employees that can be assigned by the president to any position within the bureaucracy.
A concurring opinion
is delivered when a justice agrees with the majority decision, but for a different reason.
Monetary policy differs from fiscal policy in that
it can be implemented more quickly than fiscal policy.
________ has the highest child poverty rate among the major industrialized nations.
The United States
Rachel Carson's The Silent Spring gave impetus to which activity:
modern environmentalism.
Monetary policy includes all the following assumptions EXCEPT that
too little money in circulation contributes to inflation.
The Food Stamps program is
criticized because some believe it allows undeserving people to get aid.






criticized because some think it stigmatizes its users by identifying them publicly as welfare cases.






an in-kind benefit.






criticized because some think it is too costly.






All these answers are correct.
Keynesian economics emphasizes ________ as a means of curtailing economic downturns.
increased government spending
When government gives a benefit directly to an individual such as in the form of a check made out in their name it is called what kind of payment?
transfer payment
________ orchestrated the Great Society programs of the 1960s.
Lyndon Johnson
Economists Signe-Mary McKernan and Caroline Ratcliffe argue that the poor:
are poor for temporary reasons such as job loss.
Entitlement programs are called that because
NOT!!!
people are entitled to receive only as much from the program as they put in.
The "Fed" as used in this chapter is short for
Federal Reserve Board.
When government spending exceeds revenues it is known as
deficit spending
By raising or lowering the cash reserve available to member banks in the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Reserve Board
influences the amount of money banks have available to make loans.
The "multi use" policy implemented in the nation's parks and forests consists of
NOT!!!
allowing all citizens recreational use of the parks during the tourist season and area residents exclusive use of them the rest of the year.
Earth Day was the brainchild of Senator
Gaylord Nelson.
Regarding the educational background of bureaucrats, high ranking civil servants in continental Europe, compared to American bureaucrats, tend to have a college major specializing in
law
The United States pursues its economic policy goals through which of the following international organizations?
all of these: the World Bank, the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
The highest priority for most members of Congress is
getting reelected
Through a vote for cloture, the Senate
ends a filibuster
How did Theodore Roosevelt change the conception of the presidency?
He cast aside the Whig theory in favor of the stewardship theory.
Bureaucracy is best characterized in terms of
hierarchy, specialization, and rules.
Regulatory agencies have a(n)
NOT !!! executive function
Most federal employees are hired on the basis of
merit criteria
Which of the following did not serve as a state governor prior to being president?
John Kennedy
Which of the following is true about the trade imbalance in the United States?
All of these are true: The United States has not had a trade surplus since 1975; over the past decade, the U.S. trade deficit has exceeded $300 billion every year; and the United States has the largest trade deficit of the top three economic centers.
If the U.S. House of Representatives impeaches a president, which institution conducts the trial?
the U.S. Senate
The policy of deterrence is based on the idea that
any nation would be deterred from launching a full-scale nuclear attack by the knowledge that, even if it destroyed the country, it too would be obliterated
The trading of votes between members of Congress so that each gets the legislation he or she wants is
logrolling
The broad goals of the United States in the global economy include
all of these: maintaining access to world energy and other vital resources; sustaining an open system of trade that will promote domestic prosperity; and keeping the widening gap between rich and poor countries from destabilizing the global economy.
The European Recovery Plan is better known as the
Marshall Plan.
The modern civil service system is based on
codified classifications and prerequisite experience or competitive testing.
The military-industrial complex
NOT
None of these answers is correct.
The oversight responsibility of Congress is
None of the above
Congress' inability to consistently provide leadership on broad national issues is due to
the fragmented nature of Congress.
Senatorial courtesy refers to the tradition whereby
senators are consulted on the nomination of lower-court federal judgeships in their state.
________ has the most votes in the Electoral College in presidential elections.
California
Which of the following is not a function of the National Security Council?
gather information of intelligence
Which of the following did the Framers want from a president?
national leadership.






administration of the laws.






statesmanship in foreign affairs.






executive accountability.






all of the above.
The "federal court myth" overlooks the fact that
most cases arise under state law, not federal law; nearly all cases that originate in state courts are never reviewed by federal courts; and federal courts must normally accept the facts of a case as determined by a state court when reviewing its decision.
The federal district courts
NOT
are the courts that, in practice, make the final decision in most federal cases.
Which of the following describes what political scientist Hugh Heclo calls "the illusion of presidential government"?
the presidential image-building through public relations that contributes to the idea that the president is in charge of the national government
Which of the following is a formal constitutional requirement for becoming president?
One must be a natural-born citizen.
The presidency was created by Article _______ of the U.S. Constitution.
II
A written Supreme Court opinion that, in the absence of a majority opinion, represents the reasoning of most of the justices who side with the winning pary is a
plurality opinion.
A concurring opinion
is delivered when a justice agrees with the majority decision, but for a different reason.
The second most powerful person in Washington, D.C. (after the president) is often said to be
the speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.
The nuclear triad consists of
land-based missiles, submarine-based missiles, and bombers.
Presidents' accomplishments have largely depended on
whether circumstances favor strong presidential leadership.
In 2002, President George W. Bush labeled ________ "the axis of evil."
Iraq, Iran, and North Korea
The U.S. lesson learned from the Vietnam War was that
there were limits on America's ability to get its own way in the world.
How many presidents have been impeached in U.S. history?
2
According to the lecture notes, Barber argues
presidential personality is patterned and style is his way of acting.






a president's personality interacts with the power situation he faces along with the nation's climate of expectations.





a president's personality is important in shaping his presidential behavior in nontrivial matters.





the best way to predict a president's personality is to look into their childhood.





all of the above.
The honeymoon period occurs during
the first part of a president's term
The forced removal of a president from office through impeachment and conviction requires action by
the House and Senate in separate proceedings
An amicus curiae ("friend of the court") brief provides a court with the view held by
an interest which is not a direct party of the case.
Having a contradiction between low self-esteem and superficial optimism are the character traits of which type of presidential characterization?
Passive- Positive
The U.S. House of Representatives decided the outcome of a presidential election is
1824 (Adams-Jackson)
The FDIC and Amtrack are examples of
government coporations.
A judicial decision that establishes a rule for settling subsequent cases of a similar nature is a
precedent.
The president's constitutional roles, such as chief executive and commander-in-chief,
have expanded in practice to be more powerful than the writers of the Constitution intended.
Policy implementation refers to the bureaucratic function of
executing the authoritative decisions of Congress, the president, and the courts.
Incumbents may have some problems in reelection campaigns if
disruptive issues such as general public discontent with Congress becomes prominent.






the incumbent is tainted with charges of personal misconduct or corruption.






the election is a midterm election and the incumbent is of the same party as the president.






through redistricting, they are placed in a disadvantageous district.






all of the above.
The Whig theory holds that the presidency
is a limited office whose occupant is confined to the exercise of expressly granted constitutional powers.
The federal court myth overlooks the fact that
most cases arise under state law, not federal law.






nearly all cases that originate in state courts are never reviewed by federal courts.






federal courts must normally accept the facts of a case as determined by a state court when reviewing its decisions.






all of the above.
Senators are generally less likely to follow orders of their leaders than House members because
senators think of themselves as being equals and are only willing to be led by persuasion.
The War Powers Act was enacted in order to
limit the president's war-making power.
Marking up a bill means that
a president has crossed out sections of the bill that he finds personally objectionable.






a bill has been approved after floor debate has finished.






witnesses at committee hearings suggest modifications of the bill.






that the House speaker and Senate majority leader have rewritten a bill in the way they want.






none of the above.
The facts of a case
affect which law or laws will apply to the case.
Defining the conditions and scheduling a bill for floor debate in the House of Representatives is the responsibility of the
Rules Committee
The term stare decisis refers to
adherence to precedent.
The courts have tended to support administrators so long as their agencies
can apply a reasonable interpretation of a statute.
For a bill to pass in either chamber of Congress
it must receive the support of a simple majority of its members.
The U.S. courts of appeal
review district decicions
The president's role in foreign policy increased largely because
America became more of a world power.
Compared to the Senate majority leader, the Speaker of the House has more power because the House
places more limits on debate.






is the larger chamber in terms of membership.






has less of a tradition as a chamber of equals.






operates within a more restrictive set of rules.






all of the above
There are currently __________ voting members of the U.S. House of Representatives and __________ voting members of the U.S. Senate.
435;100
________ was the first black justice to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court.
Thurgood Marshall
The ________ was created to coordinate domestic efforts to protect the United States against terrorist attacks and threats.
Department of Homeland Security
The selection of the vice presidential nominee at the national convention is based on
NOT

the results of the primaries and caucuses; the candidate who places second in these contests is nominated as the running mate of the candidate who finishes first.
The U.S. Constitution assigns to _________ the power to establish the lower federal court system (for example, to determine how many federal district courts there will be.)
the Supreme Court
A principle of bureaucratic organization is
hierarchical authority.






job specialization.






formalized rules.






all of the above.
What did Alexander Hamilton argue about war in Federalist No. 69?
A surprise attack on the United States is the only justification for war by presidential action.
________ described the Soviet Union as the "evil empire."
Ronald Reagan
Compared to the president and Congress, the bureaucracy
has a more direct impact on the daily lives of Americans.
The modern Congress is different from the 19th century Congress in that most members
are now career politicians who want to stay in Congress.
The trustee views their role is
to determine the best interests of their constituency and the nation, even if it is in oppoosition to their constituents.
With regard to public opinion, the Supreme Court generally
attempts to stay close enough to public opinion to reduce the likelihood of outright defiance of its decisions.
The Civil Service Commission was created by the
Pendleton Act.
The phrase that best describes the shift in America's world position from the pre- to the post-World War II eras is
isolationism to internationalism
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...