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CD 225 Test 3 Multiple Choice

Terms in this set (50)

Which of the following are secondary characteristics that can co-occur with stuttering?
a) eye blinking
b) facial grimacing
c) exaggerated movements of the head, shoulders, and arms
d) all of the above

d) all of the above
_______ is the most common form of stuttering; it occurs in the preschool years.
b) developmental stuttering
_______ is typically associated with neurological disease or trauma.
c) neurogenic stuttering
Onset of developmental stuttering is between what ages?
b) 2-5
In Phase One of the developmental framework of stuttering, which of the following is true?
a) Most children are unaware or are not bothered by disfluencies
In Phase Four of the developmental framework of stuttering, which of the following is true?
c) There is evidence of fear, embarrassment, or avoidance
The _______ theory of stuttering proposes an actual physical cause for stuttering.
c) Organic
The _______ theory of stuttering asserts that stuttering is a learned response to conditions external to the individual.
a) Behavioral
The ______ theory of stuttering contends that stuttering is a neurotic symptom.
b) Psychological
Three or more within word disfluencies per _____ words may indicate stuttering.
c) 100
Therapy might be recommended if:
a) Sound prolongations constitute more than 25% of total disfluencies
b) There is a loss of eye contact on more than 50% of the child's utterances
c) There is at least one adult expressing concern over speech fluency
d) All of the above

d) All of the above
________ is a fluency shaping technique that reduces speech rate and physical tension before and during occurrences of stuttering, promoting smooth speech.
b) Light articulatory contacts
Selection of intervention techniques depends on
a) severity
b) motivation
c) specific needs of the client
d) all of the above

d) all of the above
As many as ______ of preschool children who had been in a stuttering treatment program maintained their fluent speech 5 years after their initial evaluation.
d) 91%
According to Mrs. Barbara Kucharski the most important piece of therapy for stuttering clients is:
c) The client-clinician relationship and feeling that their clinician understands what they are experiencing on a daily basis
The goal of the SLP working with a fluency client is to:
a) Empower the client to develop a feeling of control over their fluency
________ is the consistent ability to move the speech production apparatus in an effortless, smooth and rapid manner
a) Fluency
The "C" in the ABC's of stuttering refers to...
b) The way stuttering makes the individual cognitively perceive and access the world around them
An indicator for a positive recovery in someone who stutters is a:
c) Go with the flow, laid back, relaxed temperament
________ is the quality of voice that is produced from sound vibrations in the pharyngeal cavities.
b) Resonance
Velopharyngeal insufficiency is failure of the velopharyngeal mechanism to separate the ____ and ____ cavities during speech and swallowing
a) Oral, nasal
______ is the perceptual correlate of fundamental frequency associated with the rate of vocal fold vibration.
b) Vocal pitch
_______ is the perceptual correlate of intensity
c) Vocal loudness
Vocal pitch is measured in ______, whereas vocal loudness is measured in ______.
b) Hertz, Decibels
_______ is a result of not varying habitual speaking frequency.
d) Monotone voice
Modifications in the length and _______ of the vocal folds are necessary to produce pitch change.
a) Tension
For voice disorders, deviations may be in which of the following?
a) Quality
b) Pitch
c) Loudness
d) All of the above

d) All of the above
Voice disorders in children are usually related to ______ and are typically temporary.
c) Vocal misuse/ abuse
An inability to control vocal intensity of loudness variations may be due to
a) Loss of neural control of the respiratory/laryngeal mechanism
b) Psychological problems
c) A & B
d) None of the above

c) A & B
________ are voice disorders that result from emotional suppression.
c) Conversion disorders
A _______ is an abnormal opening in an anatomical structure caused by a failure of the structures to fuse or merge correctly early in embryonic development.
a) Cleft
Consonant phonemes are classified according to
a) Place
b) Manner
c) Voicing
d) All of the above

d) All of the above
By _____, infants are able to imitate tone and pitch and begin babbling.
c) 5 months
at 6-7 months, babbling changes into ______.
c) Reduplicated babbling
Young children use ______ to simplify a difficult word.
b) Phonological processes
Most of the phonological processes that toddlers use disappear by age
b) 4
______ are disorders of conceptualization of language rules
a) Phonological disorders
Seventy-five percent of children outgrow their speech sound errors by age ________.
b) 6
Speech-sound disorders can have a negative impact on
a) Academics
b) Professional relationships
c) Personal relationships
d) All of the above

d) All of the above
_______ is a neurological speech sound disorder that affects the ability to plan and/or program the movement sequences necessary for accurate speech production.
b) Childhood apraxia of speech
In assessment of phonology and articulation, _____ is appropriate for young children and for those whose speech is markedly unintelligible.
b) A speech sound inventory
______ refers to how easy it is to understand the individual.
c) Intelligibility
______ is the ability to produce the target phoneme when given focus auditory and visual cues.
c) Stimulability
______ refers to the ability to perceive differences in another person's speech, whereas _____ refers to the ability to judge one's own ongoing speech.
c) Interpersonal error sound discrimination, intrapersonal sound discrimination
The following approaches are language-based approaches:
a) Traditional motor approach
b) Sensory-motor approach
c) A & B
d) None of the above

d) None of the above
________ starts with the most stimulable phonological processes and progresses through multiple times until all phonological processes have been addressed.
b) Cycles approach
________ is an intensive treatment originally designed to increase loudness in patients with Parkinson disease and is now used with various neurologically-based motor speech disorders.
d) Lee Silverman Voice Treatment
As a Speech-Languge Pathologist, you evaluate a 4-year old. The following utterance was recorded in a language sample. What phonological process does the child exhibit? "The ca wa bla. The shoe wa blue. I a hungry. Plea rea me a boo abou a toa and fro. Wi you plea? I really wan to go wi ma to the pumpki far."
c) Final Consonant Deletion
The following goal is appropriate for which types of disorders: "The client will increase intelligibility thereby becoming easier to understand and improve communication effectiveness."
a) Articulation disorders
b) Phonological disorders
c) Childhood apraxia of speech
d) All of the above

d) All of the above
Which of the following goals would be appropriate for a child receiving Speech Therapy for an articulation disorder?
c) The client will produce the /d/ phoneme in the initial position of words with 80% accuracy across 3 consecutive sessions.
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