Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Herpetology Lecture Exam 2 Section 3

Terms in this set (30)

preformed water
water you get from consumption (what you eat)
metabolic water
water you get from burning fats, proteins, etc. (going through metabolism); 1 gram of starch= 0.556 grams water, 1 gram of fat= 1.071 grams of water
liquid water
ponds, puddles, lakes
ammonia
type of nitrogenous waste that is toxic and requires lots of water
urea
type of nitrogenous waste that is less toxic and requires less water (humans and amphibians)
uric acid
type of nitrogenous waste that uses very little water to get rid of and is a semi-solid paste (reptiles)
salt glands
organ for excreting excess salts (sea turtles and diamond back turtles have in corner of eye, crocodiles have on tongue, sea snakes have on sheath surround the tongue)
solar radiation
taking in heat from the sun
metabolic heat
heat you produce by burning fat and other things
convection
moving fluid across your body causing you to lose or gain heat
conduction
when you touch something and transfer heat
condensation/evaporation
water forming on you and taking away heat
mass homeothermy
large, bulky, ectothermic animals are more easily able to maintain constant, relatively high body temperature than smaller animals due to greater volume to surface area ratio
buccal pumping
pump for moving air across respiratory
aspiration pumping
pump for sucking air into the lungs and forcing it out by the arrangement of a ribcage, and muscles that expand it, pulling air into the sacs of the lungs
cardiac shunts (squamates/chelonians, or crocodilians)
when the blood flow follows a pattern in the heart that deviates from the normal circuit of the circulatory system
glycolytic metabolism
no oxygen involved; energy from mechanism immediately available (Ex. if an animal is trying to escape)
oxidative metabolism
uses oxygen; used during sustained activity (ex. frog calling)
carnivorous dietary efficiency
can assimilate 90% of the energy they use
herbivorous dietary efficiency
can assimilate 60% of the energy they use
sexual dimorphism niche partitioning
males and females eat different things
ontogenetic niche partitioning
adults and larval forms eat different things (Ex. Nerodia fascita and Nerodia eat fish during larval stages and frogs as adults)
omnivory
diet in which you eat both plants and meat
tongue luring
a worm-like appendage in the mouths of alligator snapping turtles that wiggle around to attract fish
caudal (tail) luring
use of tail movements to attract prey animals (ex. Juvenile copperhead that is bright yellow)
aposematic coloration
bright coloration on animals to let you know to avoid it (scares predators away)
mimicry
the similarity of one species to another in appearance, behavior, sound scent, or location as a defense mechanism; a group of organisms evolve to share common perceived characteristics with another group
static crypsis
the ability to avoid observation or detection by another organism when still
dynamic crypsis
the ability to avoid observation or detection by another organism when moving
disruptive coloration
irregular patches of contrasting colors to distract the observer's eye from the outline of the animal (Ex. Agkistrodon contortrix: Family Viperidae)
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...