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Endocrine System Test

Terms in this set (95)

Hormones that bind to a channel protein in the cell membrane are called:
lipid insoluble nonsteroid hormones
The master gland of the human body is the:
pituitary gland
Exocrine glands
lactiferous, sudooripherous, sebaceous, and odipherous glands
Endocrine glands
pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, and thymus
Mixed glands
pancreas
What do hormones travel in to reach their target?
Blood
Part of the brain that controls secretions of the pituitary gland is the
hypothalamus
Chemicals produces by the hypothalamus that target pituicytes are
releasing hormones
the pituitary gland has _____ lobes
2
which glands are found in the abdominal cavity
pancreas and adrenal
glands that are found in the brain
pineal, pituitary, and hypothalamus
which gland is found in the mediastinum
thymus
which hormone contracts the uterus during childbirth
oxytocin
which hormone targets osteocytes and myocytes
growth hormone
which hormone is produced when stresses
cortisol
which hormone causes milk production
prolactin
which hormone causes skin pigment production
MSH
what gland has two lobes joined by an isthmus
thyroid
calcitonin is agonist to
PTH
to make t3 and t4, the thyroid needs
iodine
insulin is agonist to
glucagon
which organ contains chromatin cells
adrenal gland
what gland contains follicular and extrafollicular cells
thyroid
what gland contains islet cells
pancreas
the central portion of the adrenal gland is called the
medulla
a person who is thin, can't concentrate and is agitated should be tested for hypersecretion of
TSH
a membrane that allows only certain molecules to pass through is called
selectively permeable
the prefix hyper means
too much
what does insulin do?
decreases blood glucose levels by transporting glucose into body cells
what does FSH do
stimulates oocyte production and estrogen secretion
what does calcitoin do?
decreases blood calcium levels
what does melanin/MSH do?
darker skin pigmentation
what does cortisol do?
increases resistance to stress, increases blood glucose levels and decreases inflammation
what does prolactin do?
stimulates production of milk
what does epinephrine and nonepginephrine do?
promotes the fight or flight response
what does TSH do
increases metabolism and basal metabolic rate
what does antidiurtetic (ADH) do
decreases water loss, and decreasing urine production
what does ACRH do
stimulates secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex
what does GRH do
stimulates the secretion of testosterone
what does glucagon do
increases blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose
what type of glands that secrete hormones into body fluids?
endocrine glands
what type of glands protects the outside o the body
exocrine glands
glands that have both exocrine and endocrine cells are called
mixed glands
pancreas is a ___ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
mixed
pineal is a ____ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
endocrine
pituitary is a ___ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
endocrine
odiferous gland is a ____ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
exocrine
sudoripherous gland is a ______ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
exocrine
thyroid is a ___ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
endocrine
parathyroid is a _____ gland (mixed, exo, endo)
endocrine
potent organize compounds that regulate metabolic processes of a target cell are called ___
hormones
the part of the brain stem that controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland is the ___
hypothalamus
master gland attached o the hypothalamus by the infundibulum, it contains an anterior and a posterior lobe and its scientific name is hypophysis
pituitary gland
gland located in the neck, anterior to trachea, composed of two lobes joined by the isthmus
thymus
gland which has two components the context and the medulla, it is located on top of the kidneys
adrenal gland
mixed gland composed of head, body, and tail; located posterior to the stomach
pancreas
gland which is pea size located by the hypothalamus, it is stimulated by light dark cycles
pineal gland
lymphoid gland in anterior mediastinum which function is in immune response
thyroid
gland located in the pelvic cavity that produces the egg
ovary
glands attached to the thyroid gland
parathyroid
hormone which increases the amount of glucose in blood is
glucagon
hormone which decreases he amount of sugar in blood
insulin
hormone which causes the maturation of t-cells
thymosin
hormone which stimulate an increase in body size, it targets osteocytes and myocytes
growth hormone
hormone which targets lactiferous glands, they produce milk
prolactin
hormone which targets the thyroid gland cells, they secrete T3 and T4
thyroid stimulating hormone
hormone which targets the cortex cells to secrete cortisol is
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
hormone which controls development of male secondary characteristics
testasterone
hormone which controls the development of female secondary sexual characteristics
estrogen
hormone secreted at night which helps individuals fall asleep
melatonin
causes cells in ovary to produce ovum
follicle stimulating hormone
target in females, ovarian follicles, action stimulates ovulation
lutenizing hormone
hormone which targets melanocytes, the produce melanin
melanocyte stimulating hormone
causes the kidneys to increase water reabsorption in the blood
antidiuretic hormone
cause of contraction of the muscles of the uterus during childbirth
oxytocin
hormones produced by the thyroid gland which increase metabolism
T3 and T4
the thyroid gland needs ______ to produce T3 and T4
iodine
hormone which lowers blood calcium causes adsorption of Ca by bone
calcitonin
hormone which causes Ca to be released into blood
PTH
hormone which increases heart rate, raises blood pressure, and relaxed muscles of the gut
nonepinephrine
hormone which stimulates muscles to contract, heart rate to increase, and blood pressure to increase, breathing rate to increase
epinephrine
hormone which causes kidney tubules to retain Na and lose K
aldosterone
hormone which stimulate conversion of protein and fats into glucose
cortisol
hormone that binds to a channel protein located on the plasma membrane of a target cell
lipid insoluble hormone
hormone produced from the fatty acid which make up the non polar tails of a membrane
prostaglandin
hormone that can issue through the lipids that make up the plasma membrane of a target cell
lipid soluble steroid hormone
hormones which target another endocrine gland are called
tropic hormones
a person who is experiencing stress is over secreting
cortisol
thyroid releasing hormone is produced by the
hypothalamus
thyroid stimulating hormone is produced by the
pituitary gland
the ovary and the testis are collectively called the
gonads
hormones secreted by the pituitary gland that affect the gonads are secreted in response to
gonadtropic RH
the outer portion of the adrenal gland is the ______ and the inner portion is the ____-
adrenal cortex and medulla
the components of the plasma membrane are
phospholipids, lipids, and channel proteins
a membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through is
selectively impermeable membrane
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