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HAP Muscular System

Terms in this set (37)

Contractile Cell
Makes up muscle tissue, is able to contract due to its cytoskeleton
Contraction
Shortening of muscle cell
Electrolytes
Soluble ions essential for contraction
BMI
Body Mass Index - measurement of body density and composition
Myogenesis
Process of producing muscle cells from mesoderm cells
Muscle Fiber
Several myoblasts fused together, makes up the skeletal muscle cell
Myosin
Thick myofilament proteins in muscle cells
Actin
Protein that form the core of thin myofilaments
Tropomyosin
Protein that layers the actin in the thin myofilaments
Troponin
Protein that make up the thin myofilament
Sarcomere
A contractile unit of a muscle cell
Neuromuscular Junction
Between nerve cell and sarcolemma, where neural stimulation takes place
Acetylcholine
Neurotransmitter that are used for muscle cells
Rigor Mortis
Muscle stiffness from calcium leakage in corpse
Fatigue
Decrease of muscle contraction
Origin
The stationary attachment of a muscle
Insertion
The mobile attachment of a muscle
Fascicle
Bundle of muscle cells, second level of muscle structure
Antagonistic Muscles
Muscles working in opposite motion
Synergist Muscles
Muscles working in same motion
Abductors
Muscles that pull extremities away from the body
Adductors
Muscles that pull extremities to the body
Flexors
Muscles that decrease joint angle
Extensers
Muscles that increase joint angle
Sphincter
Muscles that close an opening
Isotonic Contraction
Active contraction of muscle
Isometric Contraction
Indistinguishable/steady contraction of muscle
Strain
Overwork of joints and tendons
Sprain
Sudden/violent stress of joint or muscle that causes tearing of ligament, muscle, or tendon
Paralysis
Complete failure of muscle function from stiffness or lack of contraction
Tetanus
Bacterial Infection causing rigid paralysis
Myophathy Disorder
Inability of nervous system to communicate with muscles
Mitochondrial Myopathy
Genetic disorder that causes the mitochondria to be unable to produce energy
Muscular Dystrophy
Progressive weakness of muscles
Myositis Ossificans
Bone growth in muscle tissue
Cachexia
Muscle loss due to diseases
IGF-1
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, essential for muscle cell growth, maintenance and repair
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