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Aeneid

Terms in this set (72)

Lares
Ancestor gods
Penates
Storeroom gods
Latium
Area around Tiber
Cyro
Virgil's Epicurean teacher who believed that gods have nothing to do with this world
Reasons for Juno's anger
Judgement of Paris
Jupiter's affair with Electra
Carthage was her favorite place
Ganymede
Ganymede
Trojan prince abducted by Zeus in the form of an eagle, became his cupbearer
Juno
Goddess of marriage and childbirth, attempted to stop Trojans from fulfilling their destiny
1184 BC
traditional date of Trojan war
753 BC
traditional date of founding
Publius Vergilius Maro
Author of Aeneid who wanted it burned
Pietas
Piety that Aeneas possesses; Duty to gods, state, and family
Anchises
Aeneas' father; symbol of Aeneas's Trojan heritage; dies during the journey from Troy to Italy but continues in spirit to help son fulfill fate; guides Aeneas through underworld and shows him what fate has in store for his descendants; slept with Venus and boasted; struck by lightening
Venus
Mother of Aeneas; comes to him dressed as a hunting girl; intercedes on his behalf
Dido
Queen of Carthage; Aeneas's lover; killed herself on his sword when he left; compared to Diana and the moon; Elissa
Diana
twin sister of Apollo and goddess of the moon and of hunting
ichor
blood of the gods
Dardanians or Teucrians
Alternate names for Trojans
Pygmalion
Brother of Dido who murdered her husband
Sychaeus
a wealthy Phoenician and husband of Dido, whose brother Pygmalion, anxious to secure his treasures, treacherously murdered him.
Achates
Aeneas's constant companion; fidus (loyal)
Aeolus
King of the winds
Iarbas
a son of Jupiter who wanted to marry Dido. She refused to marry him, and he is angry when he learns of Dido's and Aeneas's affair.
Mercury
messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; tells Aeneas to leave Carthage
Polyphemus
A one-eyed Cyclops who held Odysseus and his men captive in his cave until he was made drunk and blinded by Odysseus.
Achaemenides
comrade of Ulysses who was left behind in the land of the Cyclops and rescued by Aeneas
Allecto
One of the Furies, or deities who avenge sins, sent by Juno in Book VII to incite the Latin people to war against the Trojans.
Anna
Dido's sister who encourages her to open her heart to love
Ascanius
Aeneas's young son by his first wife, Creusa. Also called Iulus, he is most important as a symbol of Aeneas's destiny—his future founding of the Roman race. T He leads a procession of boys on horseback during the games of Book V and he helps to defend the Trojan camp from Turnus's attack while his father is away.
Camilla
This ally of Turnus was killed in battle by an arrow and avenged by order of Diana
Circe
A minor goddess of magic who livied on the island of Aeaea, famous for her part in the adventures of Odysseus.
Creusa
Aeneas's wife at Troy, and the mother of Ascanius. She is lost and killed as her family attempts to flee the city, but tells Aeneas he will find a new wife at his new home.
Cupid
The god of desire; Venus's son; makes Dido fall in love with Aeneas by disguising himself as Ascanius, Aeneas's son.
Diomedes
A fighter for the Greeks who entered the Trojan horse before the city was taken. He was a close friend of Odysseus, and son of Tydeus; refused to fight Aeneas with Turnus
Drances
A Latin leader who desires an end to the Trojan-Latin struggle. He questions the validity of Turnus's motives at the council of the Latins, infuriating Turnus.
Evander
son of Mercury and Carmentis, king who migrated from Arcadia with his people to found the city Pallanteum on the site of Rome; host to Aeneas and his Trojans, and the father of Pallas, who becomes Aeneas' comrade.
Helenus
Trojan, son of Priam, prophet and warrior, and later married to Andromache; tells Trojans to consult Sibyl at Cumae
Cumae
Campanian town, founded by the Greeks who migrated from Chalcis on the island Euboea; an legendary entrance to the underworld, its cavern the favortie haunt of Sibyl
Deiphobe
Priestess of Apollo, Leads Aeneas through the Underworld; Sibyl
Juturna
Turnus's sister. Juno provokes her into inducing a full-scale battle between the Latins and the Trojans by disguising herself as an officer and goading the Latins after a treaty has already been reached.
Latinus
The king of the Latins, the people of what is now central Italy, around the Tiber River, allows Aeneas into his kingdom and encourages him to become a suitor of Lavinia, his daughter, causing resentment and eventually war among his subjects.
Lavinia
Daughter of Latinus and Amata, Turnus considers her his betrothed, but her father Latinus recognizes that she is fated to marry Aeneas
Mezentius
tyrannical king of Etruria and father of Lausus. He is killed in a duel with Aeneas in Book X while seeking to avenge the death of his son.
Iopas
bard of Carthage
Sinon
Greek warrior during the Trojan War. He pretended to have deserted the Greeks and, as a Trojan captive, told the Trojans that the giant wooden horse the Greeks had left behind was intended as a gift to the gods to ensure their safe voyage home
Laocoon
the priest of Apollo who warned the Trojans to beware of Greeks bearing gifts when they wanted to accept the Trojan Horse; killed by snakes
Palinurus
helmsman of Aeneas's flagship. Performs his duties faithfully but falls overboard. As a price for Aeneas to arrive safely from Sicily to Italy, Neptune wanted a sacrifice.
Pallas
King Evander's son; ally of Aeneas; he was slain by Turnus
Pyrrhus
Achilles' son who fought in Trojan war; killed Priam
Saturn
Father to both Jupiter and Juno, the former king of Olympus.
Nisus
Trojan, comrade of Euryalus, competitor in the foot race who places fifth, later killed by Volscians when he tries to save his younger friend during their exploit on behalf of Aeneas
Euryalus
Trojan, comrade of Nisus, later killed by Volscians
Charon
the ferryman who brought the souls of the dead across the river Styx or the river Acheron to underworld
Cerberus
3-headed dog guarding the entrance to underworld
Elysian fields
In Classical Mythology the place where souls of the good went after death: a peaceful and beautiful region, full of meadows, groves, sunlight and fresh air. A place of supreme happiness and bliss.
Cacus
fire-breathing son of Vulcan who was strangled to death by Hercules
Celaeno
leader of the Harpies, possessed by prophetic powers. She tells Aeneas and friends they will eat their own tables
Turnus
Lavania's leading suitor until Aeneas, wages war against the Trojans, dies at Aeneas's hands
Amata
wife of King Latinus and mother of Lavinia; victim of the Fury Allecto, she takes her own life upon thinking that Turnus has been killed.
Scylla
a sea nymph transformed into a sea monster who lived on one side of a narrow strait
Charybdis
a ship-devouring whirlpool lying on the other side of a narrow strait from Scylla
Lucifer
latin for light-bearer
Polydorus
son of Priam, killed by Polymestor of Thrace when Trojans lost the war, told Aeneas to leave Thrace
Fama
goddess who spreads news of Aeneas's and Dido's affair
Iris
A messenger of the gods, regarded as the goddess of the rainbow; sent to end Dido's suffering; and lit ships on fire during funeral games
Dares
Trojan that challenges everyone in boxing, fights Entellus and loses
Entellus
Older boxer who conquered Dares with his furious might during the funeral games held in honor of Anchises
Morpheus
The Roman god of sleep and dreams.
Marcellus
Nephew of Caesar Augustus; died young and childless; his funeral is portrayed in the Aeneid
Ilioneus
Trojan representative of Aeneas before Dido and Latinus and killer of Lucetius
Io
princess that had affair with Jupiter; turned into cow
Lausus
Son of Mezentius who sacrificed himself for his father
Acestes
A man who won the archery contest; Aeneas leaves him with the women and elderly in Sicily.
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