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Exam #1: Embryo of MSK System & Limbs

Terms in this set (56)

Much of the musculoskeletal system develops from somites. From which tissue are somites derived?
paraxial mesoderm
paraxial mesoderm divides into _____ which divides into ____
somitomeres --> segmental somites
somites divide into:
1) sclerotome (which surrounds the neural tube to form the vertebra)

2) dermamyotome (which forms dermatome AKA dermis of skin & myotome AKA skeletal muscle)
What does the sclerotome form?
forms the vertebrae
spinal nerve divides sclerotome into ___ & ___
cranial and caudal portion
Vertebra are formed from fusion of:
caudal portion of one sclerotome with cranial portion of adjacent one, so vertebra are intersegmental
intervertebral disk has inner nucleus pulposus from ____ and outer annulus fibrosus from _____
notochord; sclerotome
in early embryo, spinal cord sends out spinal nerves between vertebra. Are cord and vertebral canal at same length?
YES
in newborn and adult, are spinal cord levels at same level as vertebral level?
NO.
during development, vertebral column lengthens more than cord, so nerves forced to stretch
Chordomas are tumors derived from remnants of the notochord. Why are these challenging to tx?
They are infiltrated into bone and other tissues and organs
When is ossification of the vertebra complete?
after birth
characterized by anomolous segmentation of the cervical vertebra (fusion), low hairline, and compromised neck mobility?
Klippel-Feil Syndrome
neural tube is derived from ____
surface ectoderm (Along the midline the ectoderm with invaginate and pinch off to form the neural tube; starts by pinching off in middle region; last portions to complete are the cranial and caudal ends; completes towards end of 4th wk )
2 types of ossification:
1) Intramembranous ossification (bone from mesenchyme)

2) endochondral ossification (bone from cartilage)
Skeletal muscle is derived from which of the following?
Mesenchyme (mainly) and neural crest
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