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Going Global

Terms in this set (48)

Ageing Population
Is a population structure of many MEDC's. There is often a high proportion of elderly people who have survived due to advances in nutrition and medical care.
Agenda 21
Is a non-binding voluntarily implemented action plan of the United Nations with 'regard' to sustainable development.
Carbon Sink
Reservoirs of carbon dioxide. The main natural sinks are the oceans and plants that use photosynthesis to remove carbon from the atmosphere.
Centrally Planned Economies
A country where (nearly) all business and industry is controlled by the state.
Reverse Colonialism
Where companies from previously colonised countries buy up companies in previously colonial countries. E.g. Tata Steel from India taking over Corus in 2006.
Core and Periphery
A model of development which tries to represent the emergence of an urban system in four major stages. Between the core and periphery there are two transition regions.
Digital Divide
The gap between those with regular and effective access to digital and information technology and those without it.
Eco-logical Divide
The impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.
Economic Migrants
People from a prior area who move to a richer area in search of a better life.
Edge City
A relatively large urban area situated on the outskirts of a city, typically beside a major road.
Enclaves
A portion of territory surrounded by a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct.
Ethnic Enclaves
A geographic area with high ethnic concentration, characteristics, cultural identity and economic activity.
Fertility Rate
Total number of children that would be born to each woman, if she was to live to the end of her child bearing age.
Fortress Europe
The term sometimes given to the concept of the EU's efforts to keep non-EU goods, businesses and nationals out of the unions 27 member states.
Grey Pound
The term used in the UK to refer to the economic power of older retired people.
Hyper Urbanisation
Is where the increase in the urban population is happening so rapidly that the city cannot cope with the needs of the people.
Informal Sector
Employment which is formally recognised. Workers do not have contracts, fixed hours or employment benefits.
Megalopolis
A very large urban area that contains several metropolitan areas.
Millennium Development Goals
8 goals that 192 United Nations member states have agreed to try and achieve by the year 2015 to help raise development standards.
Modernisation Theory
Is used to explain the process of modernisation within societies. Modernisation refers to a model of a progressive transition from pre-modernisaton to traditional or modern society.
Natural Increase and Decrease
The difference between the number of live births and number of deaths during a year.
Net Migration
Is the difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time, divided per 1,000 inhabitants.
Outsourcing
Means employing overseas labour in their home country to do a job under contract to provide a service for a company in a developed country.
Periphery
The area most remote from the wealthy 'core' of a country or region.
Privatisation
Where government-owned businesses are sold to private owners.
Quota
A fixed level indicating the maximum amount of imported goods or persons which a state will allow in.
Remittances
Money that is sent home to families by people working in a foreign country or in a city in their own country.
Replacement Level
The fertility rate needed to maintain population at its existing size by natural change.
Social Cohesion
The linking together of people who are tied by one or more specific types of interdepending such as values, visions, financial ties and friendships.
Tourist Enclave
An area set aside for tourists where they have little or no contact with the society in which they're visiting.
Dynamic System
A social or geophysical structure that is constantly changing.
Export Processing Zones
Are areas within developing countries that offer incentives and a barrier free environment to promote economic growth.
Fairtrade
An organised social and economic movement with regard to trade between developed and developing countries.
First World
Western Europe, Japan, Australia and North America. (Developed World)
Third World
An outdated term for the poor or developing countries of Africa, Asia and South America.
Free Trade
Trade between countries which takes place completely free of restrictions.
Globalisation
The process by which businesses develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
Greying Population
A term used to mean the increase in the proportion of older people in a population.
Host Nations
Nation in which individuals or organisations from other countries or states are visiting.
Source Nations
The countries in which people leave to visit a host nation.
IMF
International Monetary Fund. Forces countries to privatise government assets, which are then bought by larger TNC's and open up trade in return of re-financing debt.
Immigration
The inward flow of people into a country.
Just In Time
Is where companies demand goods from suppliers on short timescales rather than producing and holding large volumes of stock themselves.
New Economy
Is where companies and countries are based more on creativity in finance and media and management rather than on the production of goods.
Seasonal Agricultural Scheme
Allow farmers and growers to bring foreign persons to the UK to engage in seasonal and agricultural work.
Structural Adjustment Packages
Refers to a set of economic policies often introduced as a condition for getting a loan from IMF.
Sustainable Development
Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to fulfil their own needs.
Trading Blocs
Are countries which group together to improve their economic interests and trade patterns.
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