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Medical Terminology Review

Terms in this set (121)

The suffix ________ means surgical fixation?
-pexy
________ is an inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis.
Guillain-Barre syndrome
The term describing the prolapse of a kidney is __________.
nephroptosis
The acute respiratory infection known as _________ is characterized in children and infants by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and a barking cough.
croup
A blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery is known as a/an _____.
thrombus
An autoimmune disease in which the body's own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland.
Hashimoto's disease
The term ___________ describes the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function through the use of surgery, hormones, drugs, heat, chemicals, electrocautery, or other methods.
ablation
The term ________ describes any restriction to the opening of the mouth caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation associated with the treatment of oral cancer.
trismus
The condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain is known as __________.
hydrocephalus
A ___________ is the surgical fixation of a prolapsed vagina to a surrounding structure.
colpopexy
The combining form metr/o means _________.
uterus
________ is characterized by exophthalmos.
Graves Disease
A __________ was performed as a definitive test to determine if Alice Wilkinson has osteoporosis.
dual x-ray absorptiometry
The term __________ means movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
abduction
When he fell, Manuel tore the posterior femoral muscles in his left leg. This is known as a/an _________ injury.
hamstring
Mrs. Valladares has a bacterial infection of the lining of her heart. This condition is known as bacterial _______.
endocarditis
The combining form ___________ means old age.
presby/o
The common skin disorder __________ is characterized by flare-ups in which red papillose covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks.
psoriasis
A ________ is physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.
physiatrist
Slight paralysis of one side of the body is known as ________.
hemiparesis
The ______ receives the sound vibrations and relays them to the auditory nerve fibers.
organ of Corti
The _________ patrol the body, searching for antigens that produce infections. When such a cell is found, these cells grab, swallow, and internally break apart the captured antigen.
dendritic cells
The medical term for the congenital condition commonly known as clubfoot is ______.
talipes
___________ involves compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separates groups of muscles.
compartment syndrome
A/an _______, also known as a boil, is a large, tender, swollen area caused by a staphylococcal infection around a hair follicle or sebaceous gland.
furuncle
Fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gate are all symptoms of the progressive condition known as __________.
Parkinson's disease
During her pregnancy, Ruth had a skin condition commonly known as the mask of pregnancy. The medical term for this condition is _______.
chloasma
The combining form _________ means vertebra or vertebral column.
spondyl/o
_______ is a disorder of the adrenal glands due to excessive production of aldosterone.
Conn's syndrome
A brief disturbance in brain function in which there is a loss of awareness often described as a staring episode is known as a/an ________ seizure.
absence
Which procedure is used to treat spider veins?
sclerotherapy
The instrument used to examine the eternal ear canal is known as a/an _______.
otoscope
Enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end the esophagus are known as ___________.
esophageal varices
Which condition is breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct?
ductal carcinoma in situ
Which of these sexually transmitted disease is a bacterial infection?
gonorrhea
Narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so that is cannot be retracted to expose the glans penis is known as ___________.
phimosis
The term _________ describes the inflammation of a vein.
phlebitis
The term ______ describes a torn or jagged wound.
laceration
The bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth are known as _________.
periodontium
A chronic condition in which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives is known as _________.
heart failure
_________ is the partial or complete blockage of the small and/or large intestine that is caused by the stopping of normal intestinal peristalsis.
ileus
A/an _________ is performed to reduce the risk of a stroke caused by a disruption of the blood flow to the brain.
carotid endarterectomy
_______ is a condition characterized by episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium.
angina
A/an _________ is the result of a medical treatment that yields the exact opposite of normally expected results.
paradoxical reaction
A/an ________ occurs at the lower end of the radius when a person tries to break a fall by landing on his or her hands.
Colle's Fracture
The lymphocytes that play an important role in the killing of cancer cells and cells infected by viruses are known as ______.
Natural Killer Cells
_________ is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
scoliosis
Which examination technique is the visualization of body parts in motion by projecting x-ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen?
fluoroscopy
An accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube is known as ___________.
pyosalpinx
A _________ is the bruising of brain tissue as a result of a head injury.
cerebral contusion
The eye condition known as ____________ is characterized by increased intraocular pressure.
glaucoma
A hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall is known as __________.
cystocele
_________ is an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
ascites
The Western blot test is used to _________.
Confirm an HIV infection
The term ______________ describes excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals.
menometrorrhagia
______ is a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection.
Pyronie's disease
A/an _____ is an abnormal sound or murmur heard during auscultation of an artery.
bruit
The condition commonly known as wear-and-tear arthritis is ________.
osteoarthritis
The malignant condition known as ______ is distinguished by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
The chronic, degenerative disease characterized by scarring that causes disturbance of the structure and function of the liver is _______.
cirrhosis
________ removes waste products directly from the bloodstream of patients whose kidneys no longer function.
hemodialysis
The medical term for the condition commonly known as fainting is ___________.
syncope
_________ is a condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to a restricted blood flow to a part of the body.
ischemia
An inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection is known as _________.
dacryoadentitis
The contraction of the pupil, normally in response to exposure to light, but also possibly due to the use of prescription or illegal drugs, is known as ________.
miosis
An elevated _____ indicates the presence of inflammation in the body.
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
The ________ has roles in both the immune and endocrine systems.
thymus
The physical wasting with the loss of weight and muscle mass due to diseases such as advanced cancer is known as _____.
cachexia
A/an ________ occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures.
hemorrhagic storoke
The hormonal disorder known as _________ results from the pituitary gland producing too much growth hormone in adults.
acromegaly
The term ___________ describes the condition commonly known as an ingrown toenail.
onychocryptosis
An __________ is the instrument used to examine the interior of the eye.
ophthalmoscope
A _______, also known as a scab, is a collection of dried serum and cellular debris.
crust
A ________ is type of cancer that occurs in blood making cells found in the bone marrow.
myeloma
The suffix _______ means rupture.
-rrhexis
Which structure secretes bile?
liver
Eye condition that causes the loss of central vision, but not total blindness.
Macular degeneration
A/an _________ is performed to remove excess skin and fat for the elimination of wrinkles.
rhytidectomy
The condition known as ________ describes total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
hemiplegia
_______ is a new cancer site that results from the spreading process
metastasis
Another term for conventional, or Western, medical practices and systems of health care is ________ medicine.
Allopathic
A woman who has borne one viable child is referred to as a
Primigravida
The combining form __________ means old age
Presby
The term __________ describes a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue
Fibrous dysplasia
A _________ is a normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound.
Cicatrix
A/An ____________________ is a malignant tumor usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or knee
osteosarcoma
Which of these diseases is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected blacklegged tick?
Lyme disease
Inflammation of the connective tissues that encloses the spinal cord and brain is known as
meningitis
The term ____ describes a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea
Astigmatism
A procedure in which pressurized fluid is used to clean out wound debris is known as
irrigation and debridement
The term __________ describes persistent severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve
causalgia
The term ___________ means bleeding from the ear
otorrhagia
The medical term meaning itching is
pruritus
The greenish material that forms the first stools of a new born is known as
meconium
A/An ____________ is the result of medical treatment that yields the exact opposite of normally expected results
paradoxical reflection
A ____________ is a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease or disorder
prognosis
_______________ is a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes.
Jaundice
The term ____________ describes excessive urination during the night
nocturia
A closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland that contains yellow, fatty material is known as a
sebaceous cyst
The term ________ describes the condition commonly known as swollen glands
lymphadenitis
A/An ____________ is a sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles
dpsdm
____________ is the respiratory disease commonly known as whooping cough
pertussis
_____________ is an abnormal lateral curvature of the psine
lordosis
The surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the ileum and the outside of the abdominal wall is a/an
ileostomy
As the condition known as ______________ progresses, the chest sometimes assumes an enlarged barrel shape
emphysema
The term ___________ means to stop or control bleeding
hemostasis
The term ______ means vomiting blood
hematemesis
______________ is a diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingers
percussion
Abnormally rapid, deep breathing resulting in decreased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as
hyperventilation
The term __________ describes difficult or painful urniation
dysuria
A _____________ is a false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
delusion
In ___________, the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall.
atrial fibrilation
_________________ is the presence of blood in the seminal fluid
hematospermia
The condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging is known as
presbyopia
Which body cavity protects the brain
cranial
Which condition of a young child is characterized by the inability to develop normal social relationships
autism
A ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears is known as
tinnitus
A/An ____________ is an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area that is possibly worldwide
pandemic
A _____________- is a discolored flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter, such as a freckle
macule
______________ is a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection
peyronie's disease
The term _____ means to free a tendon form adhesions
tenolysis
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