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Ch 17 The Age of Exploration

Terms in this set (30)

European colonies imitated their parent countries by basing social classes on
status
Who held top government positions in colonial Latin America?
officials born in Europe
What led to the decline of the Native American population?
encomienda
Mestizos eventually became an important group in Latin America because they..?
became more numerous
The Spanish used encomienda and mita to..?
force people to work
How did the Catholic Church spread Christianity?
through missions
What opportunity did the Catholic Church provide for women?
Women could enter the convent
The two most privileged social classes were..?
peninsulares and creoles
Why did the Catholic Church gain power in the Americas?
Spanish and Portuguese rulers wanted to Christianize native people
What colonial holding was ruled by Portugal?
Brazil
Which group was one of the first to condemn the enslaving of Africans?
the Quakers
What did encomiendas allow Spanish settlers to do?
use Native Americans as laborers
Europeans profited from their colonies through..?
farming and landowning
Benin is an example of an African society that was ruined because the slave trade..?
caused infighting and warfare
What was the pattern of trade that connected Europe, Africa, and the American continents called?
triangular trade
Because more workers were needed for plantations as Europeans expanded their holdings in the Americas, the _____ also expanded
slave trade
During its Golden Age, ______ led the world in science, art, and trade.
the Netherlands
As a result of the Columbian Exchange, economic activity
was stimulated and changed
Why did almost entire populations of Native Americans die from diseases such as smallpox and measles?
Native Americans had no immunity due to lack of exposure to the diseases
What set of principles dominated economic thought in the seventeenth century?
mercantilism
In 1663, the colony of New _____ had its own governor, military commander, and soldiers
France
A contributing factor to the defeat of both the Aztec and Inca was..?
their lack of immunity to European diseases, especially smallpox
Trade winds helped Columbus sail to the Americas because..?
they blow toward the west, which is the direction of the Americas from Europe
Portuguese explorers sailed to India in search of..?
spices to trade
The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 gave Spain control of almost all of..?
the Americas
Which of the following began to take over Portuguese and Spanish claims in the Americas in the late 1500s?
Dutch, French, and English
How did Cortés and Pizarro conquer the Aztecs and Incas with much smaller forces than those of the native inhabitants?
The Aztec and Inca did not have the powerful weapons or horses of the Spanish invaders
The Portuguese were the first successful European explorers because they..?
invented a faster ship that also held a large amount of cargo
Why did Columbus sail westward to find Asia?
Columbus did not know that another continent was located between Europe and Asia
Which of the following was a major factor in European expansion?
religious zeal
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