Nervous System Vocabulary

Nervous System
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Terms in this set (22)
Nervous System
the master controlling and communicating system
Sensory input
gathered information from receptors that monitor changes inside and outside the body
Intergration
processing and interpreting sensory input and deciding what should be done in response
Motor output
a response by the effector organs (muscles & glands)
Central nervous system (CNS)
The brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
the neurons that extend out to the body from the CNS
Sensory/afferent division
nerve fibers that carry signals TO the CNS from sensory receptors
Motor/ efferent division
nerve fibers that carry signals AWAY from the CNS to effector organs
Somatic/ voluntary nervous system
composed of nerve fibers from CNS to skeletal muscle
Automatic/involuntary nervous system
consists of visceral motor nerve fibers that regulate smooth & cardiac muscle & glands
Neurogliasmall cells that are associated with neuronsAstrocytessupport and brace neurons and anchor them to nutrient supply linesMicrogliaprotective cell like macrophages to phagocytize (kill or destroy)Ependymalline cerebral spinal fluid cavitiesOligodendrocyteswrap around neurons to produce more myelin sheath in CNSSchwann cellssurround all nerve fibers in the PNS and form myelin sheaths around thicker nervesSatellite cellssimilar function to astrocytes in PNS, support, & brace neuronsNerve cells(NEURONS)highly specialized cells that conduct messagesCell bodythe biosynthetic centerof a neuronAxona slender process that generates nerve impulsesDendritesshort branches that receive input from other neuronsMyelinprotects and insulates neurons, helps conduct nerve impulses rapidly