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Chapter 18 section 1

Terms in this set (16)

Satellite Nations
Stalin installed communist governments in Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia , Hungary, Romania, and Poland . These countries became known as satellite nations, dominated by the Soviet Union.
Berlin Blockade - Soviet Reasons/Response
Britian, U.S and France decided to combine theri three zones in Germany . Even though they planned to do this they had no written agreement with the Soviets guaranteeing free access to Berlin by road of rail . Stalin saw this as an oppurunity to take over the part of Berlin held by the three Western Powers. He closed all highway and rail routes in West Berlin.
Berline Airlift
In an attempt to break the blockade, American and British officals started the Berlin Airlift to fly food and supplies to West Berlin. West Berlin survived because of this. The mission boosted Amercian prestige around the world . Soviet union realized it was beaten and lifted the blockade
United Nations and who belongs
Hopes for world peace were still high at the end of the war. This was created . The representatives of 50 nations met in San . Fran to establish this new peacekeeping body.
Who was responsible for aid to Turkey and Greece
The u.s first tried to contain Soviet influence in Greece and Turkey , Britain was sending them economic and military support to prevent communist takeovers. However, Britain's economy had been badly hurt. The U.S took over with the Truman Doctrine.
NATO who,what.why
The berlin blockade increased Western European fear of Soviet aggresssion. As a result Western European nations-Belgium,Denmark,France,Great Britain,Iceland,Italy,Luxembourg,The netherlands,Norway and Portugal joined the US and Canada to form a defensive military alliance , The North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The 12 members pledged military support to one another in case any member was attacked. Greece and Turkery joinged in 1952, and West Germany in 1955
Marshall Plan - purpose
Secretary of State Geogre Marshall proposed that the US povide aid to all European nations that needed it . This revived European hopes. 16 Countries recieved some 13 billion in aid
Policy of Containment - orginator
Geogre F. Kennan an american diplomat in Moscow proposed this . Taking measures to prevent any extenstion of communist rule to other countries. This policy began to guide the Truman administration's foreign policy
Iron Curtain
Winston Churchill traveled to US and gave a speech that described the situation in Europe. He used this phrase which came to stand for the division of Europe. Central and Eastern Europ and all the places around them .
Soviet and U.S motives behind the Cold War
Soviet Union and the U.S had different aims in Europe. Soviet Union resented the Western allies delay in attacking the Germans in Europe and the secret of the bomb
The us wanted to create a new world order in which all nations had the right of self-determination,fain access to raw materials and markets for its industries,rebuild European governments to ensure stability and to create new markets for American goods ,reunite Germany believing that Europe would be more secure if Germany were productive.
The soviets wanted to encourage communism in other countries as part of the worldwide stuggle between workers and the wealthly, rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern Europe's industrical equipment and raw materials,control Easter Europe to balance U.S influence in Western Europe,Keep Germany divided and weak so that it would never again threaten the Soviet Union. Also Stalin had promised Roosevelt he would allow free elections but he didnt keep that promise
Truman's main objective at Postdam besides peace in the world
.... idk
Truman Doctrine- purpose and goal
US wanted to contain Soviet influence in Greece and Turkey . Britain was sending them money first for economic and military purposes to prevent communist takeovers ,However Britain was greatly in debt also. Truman took the challege of giving aid to these countries. He asked for 400 million. He declared that it must be a policy of the US to support freee people who are resisteing attempter subjugatio by armed minorities or by outside pressures. Congress agreed with Truman , thought that this was essential to keeping Soviet influence from spreading. It did greatly reduce the danger of communist takeover in those nations
Cold war - define, two reasons for the Cold war
The conflictingUS and Soviet Union aims in Eastern Europe let to the Cold War, neither nation confronted the other on the battle field.
Two Reasons : Conflicting Views , Communism spreading. how to treat Germany. Stalin not follwing what he promised of free elections, which Truman wanted to spread democracy to nations that had been under Nazi rule.
Who believed in national self-determination
Truman. He wanted to create a new world order in wich all nations had the right of self determination.
Soviet response to west uniting Germany
Berlin Blockade . look at 2
Capitalist and Communist econmonic systems :difference
Capitalist -private citizens controlled almost all economic activity , boting by people electing a president and a congress from competing political parties . Communist- a totalitarian government with no opposing parties , state controoled all properties and economic activity
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