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Chemistry Mastery #1 Second Semester

Terms in this set (9)

Synthesis
A + B à AB

Double check diatomic molecules for the elements on the reactant side.

H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

If AB is ionic, balance the ions.
Decomposition
AB à A + B

If AB is ionic, balance the ions.

Double check diatomic molecules for the elements on the product side.

H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
Combustion
CXHY(OZ) + O2 à CO2 + H2O + energy
Single Replacement
A + BC à B + AC or X + BY à Y + BX

Metal replaces a metal; Nonmetal replaces a nonmetal.

Balance the ions in all ionic compounds.

Double check diatomic molecules for the elements on the product side.

H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
Double Replacement
AB + CD à AD + CB

Switch ions to make new ionic compounds (balance the ions).

At least one product has to be a ppt (not soluble). Check your solubility chart.
Strong Acid & Strong Base (neutralization)
HA + BOH à H2O + BA

Switch ions to make water and a soluble ionic compound (balance the ions).
Remember to:
* Balance the equation using coefficients, after all ionic compounds are ionically balanced.

* Include state of matter on all substances.
Determining phases/states of a substance (at room temperature) for elements
Use the color coded periodic table in the room (and your common sense.)

Red = gas (g) Blue = liquid (l) or (l) Black = solid (s)
Determining phases/states of a substance (at room temperature) for compounds
Compounds

Ionic compounds (metal + nonmetal) are crystals = solid (s)

Unless water is present & the ionic cd is soluble(dissolves in water) = aqueous(aq)

Use the solubility rules or a solubility chart to determine solubility of ionic compounds.

Ions existing by themselves (unbonded) are always aqueous (aq)

Molecular compounds (all nonmetals) are usually gases (g), sometime liquids (l)
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