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History Chapter 8 and 9 Review
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Terms in this set (33)
1st Amendment
Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press
2nd Amendment
Freedom to bear arms
3rd Amendment
Cannot be forced to house soldiers
4th Amendment
Protection against unreasonable search or seizure (police cannot illegally obtain evidence by entering your home without court order), added because Writs of Assistance called for illegal searches
5th Amendment
Cannot be forced to testify against self, must be indicted by grand jury to stand trial
6th Amendment
Right to speedy trial, right to have a lawyer
7th Amendment
Right to jury trial in civil cases
8th Amendment
No excessive bail or punishment
9th Amendment
People have rights not listed in constitution
10th Amendment
States have the power not given to the federal government (limits federal government powers)
Bill of Rights
added to get constitution ratified and to protect individual liberties from abuses of power by government (limits government power)
Preamble to Constitution
Includes unalienable rights (life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness)
Magna Carta
1215 document that guarenteed certain rights (influenced our 6th amendment)
English Bill of Rights
Guarenteed basic individual rights
Declaration of Independence
Listed grievances committed by King, listed our unalienable rights, established our independence
Popular Sovereignty
People have the right to create, alter, and abolish their government
Limited Government
The government only has the powers that the constitution gives it
Checks and Balances
Safeguards against the abuse of power of any one branch of government
Federalism
Division of power between the federal government and the states
Civic Virtue
Work for the good of the nation or community even at great sacrifice
Judiciary Act
Created the structure of the Supreme Court and the lower courts
Tariff
Tax on foreign goods brought into the country
Whiskey Rebellion
1794 protest over taxes
Neutrality Proclamation
1793 statement by Washington stating that the US would not support France or Britain in their war, he was trying to avoid political conflicts with Europe
Alien and Sedition Acts
Made it more difficult for immigrants and allowed for citizens to be jailed for critcizing the government
George Washington
Told America to stay out of European affairs in his Farewell Address so that America would not be dragged into a foreign war and so that America could develop its own interests in our hemisphere, he thought political parties were not necessary, he was willing to listen to different opinion.
Alexander Hamilton
Believed in strong national government and established the national bank, economic plan strengthened the national economy
Thomas Jefferson
Believed that states should have more power and a strict interpretation of the Constitution, feared Hamilton's financial plan favored the wealthy
John Jay
His treaty made the British pay for damages to the ships that it captured
John Adams
Was involved in the XYZ affair
George Mason
Wanted a Bill of Rights added to the US Constitution
Abigail Adams
Known for "Remember the Ladies"
James Madison
Father of the Constitution, thought political parties were unavoidable, thought Hamilton's financial plan favored rich.
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