Junior Cert - History Reformation Terms

Terms in this set (43)

Absenteeism
Bishops never visiting their dioceses.
Act of Supremacy
legislation granting Henry VIII Royal Supremacy, making him supreme head of the Church of England.
Auto da fé
Burning heretics at the stake.
Calvin's beliefs
Predestination, two sacraments, ministers called presbyters Presbyterian churches have little or no decoration.
Catholics
Members of the Roman Catholic Church.
Charles V
Holy Roman Emperor from 1519 to 1556.
Council of Trent
Held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent Italy, the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation.
Counter-Reformation
The Counter-Reformation was an effort by the Catholic church to defeat protestantism though reform, priest training, and missionary work.
Henry VIII
Known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.
Heretics
Disagreeing with Catholic Teaching
How did Germany become divided after 1526?
Religious wars between catholic and protestant states.
Huguenots
French Protestants of the 16th and 17th centuries. suffered persecution from Catholics and many thousands emigrated from France.
Indulgence
Buy time off in purgatory
Jean Calvin
French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He founded Calvinism.
John Knox
Scottish clergyman, founder of the Presbyterian denomination in Scotland.
Luthers Beliefs
Only 2 sacraments (baptism & comunion) not 7. ministers allowed to marry, Religious services in the native language not in Latin
Nepotism
appointing family members as priests, parish priests or bishops
pluralism?
holding more than one church position at the same time
Presbyterianism
Protestant Church administered locally by the minister and a group of elected elders of equal rank.
Protestants
Members of Christian Churches separate from the Roman Catholic (Presbyterian, and Lutheran)
Reformation
16th-century movement to stop abuses in the Roman Church. Ending in the establishment of Protestant religions
Wars of Religion
Religious wars between cathyolic and protestant states in Europe from 1524 to 1648.
What did the city of Geneva become known as?
The "City of God"
What new religion did Calvin found?
Calvinism, In Scotland it became known as the Presbyterian church
What was meant by pre-destination?
God decides who goes to heaven, even before people were born
What was simony
buying and selling of positions in the Catholic church
What was the importance of the Diet of Worms?
At the Diet (special meeting) Luther appeared before the Emperor Charles V.refused to recant, He was declared a heretic (arrested or killed)
What was the Inquisition?
Heresy court Created by Catholic church. notorious in spain for persecuting Protestants. Torture used and many killed, imprisoned or sent into exile
What was the peace of Augsburg?
Each Prince was free to choose the religion he and his people would follow
What were some of the rules people in Geneva had to follow?
dancing, gambling forbidden Everyone wears dark clothes, Heavy drinking considered work of the devil
What were the 95 theses?
Luther's questions the selling indulgences nailed this poster to the door of Wittenberg church in 1517 translated into German and spread over Germany,
What were the main decisions made at the council of Trent?
Simony, nepotism and pluralism were forbidden. Priests had to be trained in a seminary BOTH faith and good works are needed in order to save your soul
What were the main religious beliefs of Luther?
get into heaven by faith alone,no need for pilgrimages or fasting etc. people could find God by reading the bible
Where was John Calvin born?
Noyen in northern France
Where was Martin Luther born?
Saxony in Germany
Who were the Jesuits?
order of priests set up by Ignatius Loyola of Spain Their task , spread the Catholic religion, set up schools for the young and the poor
Why did Galileo become a victim of the Inquisition?
he believed that the earth revolved around the sun which the Catholic church refused to accept
Why did Luther become a monk?
Caught in a thunderstorm and promised to become a monk if he survived
Why did Luther's ideas spread so rapidly?
The invention of the printing press enabled his ideas to spread much faster
Why was Frederick the Wise so important?
Ruler of Saxony, he provided Luther with a safe place, he translated the bible into German there.
Why was John Tetzel so important?
a priest who sold indulgences to raise money for St Peter's basilica in Rome
Why was Luther so unhappy as a monk?
Luther wantedto get into heaven - but felt as a sinner he would never be saved
Why was Pope Paul III so important?
First Pope to try to reform the Catholic church. Stop abuses which existed at the time He called the Council of Trent in Italy
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