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Apologia Biology 2nd Ed. Module 4
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Apologia Biology 2nd Ed. Module 4
Terms in this set (14)
extracellular digestion
digestion that takes place outside of the cell
mycelium
the part of the fungus responsible for extracellular digestion and absorption of the digested food
hypha
a filament of fungal cells
rhizoid hypha
a hypha that is imbedded in the material on which the fungus grows
aerial hypha
a hypha that is not imbedded in the material upon which the fungus grows
sporophore
specialized aerial hypha that produces spores
stolon
an aerial hypha that asexually reproduces to make more filaments
haustorium
a hypha of a parasitic fungus that enters the host's cells, absorbing nutrition directly from the cytoplasm
chitin
a chemical that provides both toughness and flexibility
membrane
a thin covering of tissue
fermentation
The anaerobic breakdown of sugars into smaller molecules
zygospore
a zygote surrounded by a hard, protective covering
zygote
the result of sexual reproduction when each parent contributes half of the DNA necessary for the offspring
antibiotic
a chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of other organisms
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Which statements are true? Explain why or why not. In order for proliferating cells to maintain a relatively constant size, the length of the cell cycle must match the time it takes for the cell to double in size.
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The contact lens storage cases designed for hydrogen peroxide cleaners contain a platinum catalyst. Explain why platinum is added to the storage container and not to the hydrogen peroxide.
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In this assessment task you will design a living organism and explain how its adaptations help it survive: You are to think of a new kind of living organism, it can be anything, but not something already living. Your new organism could be a combination of other living things, e.g. a cog, which has some features of a cat and some of a dog. You also need to think of the environment that the organism usually lives in (e.g tropical rainforest, high humidity, etc.) Now imagine that a mutation in your organism affects one extreme of the phenotypic range so that the organism's fitness increases (i.e. it increases the organism's chance of surviving and reproducing). (a) What is the effect of the mutation on the adaptation, i.e. what change is there and how does this affect the organism for the better? _____ (b) Imagine that the mutation only increases chances of survival under certain circumstances (e.g. a mutation from brown to white fur enhances survival in the snow). (i) What is the circumstance? _____ (ii) How will this limited enhancement of survival affect the evolution of the species over many generations? _____
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In the explanation of a mirage, the text mentioned that the index of refraction for air decreases as the air gets warmer. What does this tell you about the speed of light in cold air compared with the speed of light in warm air? Explain.
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