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Chapter 3: Women in "World" Music

Terms in this set (40)

mariachi
Latin American ensemble originally from Mexico; traditionally features a variety of guitars as well as two or more of each of the following: violins, vihuela, guitarron, trumpets
gamelan
percussion-dominated ensemble prevalent in several regions in Indonesia
enthomusicology
field of study that uses sociological and musicological research methods to study the world's music
syncretism
the blending and merging of two or more cultures into a distinctive new culture
fieldwork
research situation in which a participant-observer is immersed into the culture being studied
kolisha
"the voice of woman;" a belief in Orthodox Judaism that women must not sing in the presence of men due to the potential to distract men from prayer
matriarchy
a family or society dominated by women
lifecycle rituals
community events that celebrate important rites of passage such as birth, puberty, marriage, and death
throat singing
type of singing in which the singer creates more than one pitch at a time by manipulating the vocal resonance of the mouth as well as manipulating the throat
Inuit
traditional culture of the Arctic tundra
Katajjaq
Inuit throat singing, performed by two people
Day of the Dead
holiday of Mexican origin where families and friends pray for relatives and friends who have died
Catrina
female skeleton image associated with Day of the Dead celebrations; originated from an etching by Mexican printmaker Jose Guadalupe Posada
matrilineal
tracing ancestral descent through the maternal line
primary source
artifact that provides firsthand accounts of historical events or subjects; letters, diaries, and original music manuscripts are examples
diaspora
a scattered population with a common geographic origin
polyrhythmic
simultaneous use of two or more distinct rhythms
Akan
ethnic group of West Africa
fetish priestess
woman who serves as a medium between the spirit world and the living
Dipo
Eastern Ghanaian puberty festival for girls
diva
widely celebrated female singer
folk music
music created and transmitted "by the people", in contrast with popular and art music styles created by specialists
Xhosa
Bantu ethnic group of South Africa; also references the language of the Xhosa people
apartheid
government-enforced system of racial segregation in South Africa from 1948-1994
tonal language
language in which pitch changes the meaning of a word
art music
music created by a culturally respected individual, often associated with conveying a specific artistic idea; sometimes called "classical" music
tarab
trance-like ecstatic state achieved through music performance; associated with Arabic music
Quranic recitation
oral recitation of the Quran performed in a chant-like manner; considered prayer, not "music"
Quran (Koran)
sacred text of Islam
Qasida
Arabic praise poetry with a fixed, formal structure
Mode
a systematic musical pattern used to govern composition of melodies or rhythms; a scale is one type of mode
Maqamat (sing. maqam)
general term for an Arabic melodic mode; many specific modes exist
Iqa'at (sing. Iqa)
general term for an Arabic rhythmic mode; many specific modes exist
Neoclassical
revival of a Classical style from a previous artistic period
Takht
small Egyptian instrumental ensemble used for art music performances; features four or five men on traditional instruments
Firqa
large European-inspired Egyptian instrument ensemble of up to 28 performers that includes a bowed violin section
Yoruba
ethnic group originating in Nigeria and Benin
Fon
ethnic group originating in Nigeria and Benin
Samburu
ethnic group related to the Maasai of northern Kenya
Ululation
high-pitched vocal sound with rapid movement of the uvula and tongue, performed by women to express emotion; traditionally used in the Middle East and parts of Africa, often for lifecycle rituals
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