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BSC2086L Ch 32: Blood Vessels

Terms in this set (85)

Capillaries
the site of gas/nutrient/waste exchange within tissues
Veins
which blood vessel has larger lumen than the other main blood vessels and have valves to prevent blood backflow
Tunica intima
single layer of endothelium (squamous cells) lining the lumen; continuous with heart endocardium (capillaries are composed of this)
Tunica media
middle coat blood vessels made of smooth muscle and elastin, under sympathetic control (regulates diameter)
Tunica externa
outermost layer of areolar or fibrous connective tissue for support and protection of the blood vessels
Ascending aorta
part of the aorta that branches to the right and left coronary arteries and supplies the myocardium
Aortic arch
part of the aorta that branches to the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery
Aorta
part of the heart that is ascending from the left ventricle, proceeds to aortic arch and to thoracic cavity as descending aorta
Common carotid arteries
arteries that branch to the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery
Internal carotid artery
carotid artery that serves brain and branches to ophthalmic artery to serve the orbits
External carotid artery
carotid artery that serves head and neck (superficial temporal, maxillary, facial, and occipital artery)
Left/right subclavian artery
Artery the branches to vertebral, thyrocervical, and the costocervical trunk
Vertebral artery
Subclavian artery that branches to artery that serves the cerebellum, brain stem, posterior cerebral hemispheres
Thyrocervical trunk
Subclavian artery branches to artery that serves the thyroid gland and scapular muscles
Costocervical trunk
Subclavian artery branches to artery that serves the deep neck and upper intercostal muscles and thus branches to upper posterior intercostal arteries
Axillary artery
Subclavian artery becomes what artery in the arm pit in order to serve the upper limb?
Axillary artery
artery thar branches to the thracoacromial artery, the lateral thoracic artery, the subscapular artery, and the anterior/posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Thoracoacromial artery
Artery that serves the shoulder/pectorial region
Lateral thoracic artery
artery that serves the lateral chest wall
Subscapular artery
artery that serves the scapula and dorsal thorax
Anterior/posterior circumflex humeral arteries
arteries that serves the shoulder and deltoid muscles
Brachial artery
artery that develops from the axillary artery and branches into the radial and ulnar arteries, which serve the forearm
Anterior intercostal arteries
artery that branches from the internal thoracic artery and serves mammary glands and most of the thorax wall
Internal thoracic artery
artery from subclavian gland that branches to the anterior intercostal arteries
Posterior intercostal arteries
arteries that serve the intercostal space
Celiac trunk
artery from the abdominal aorta that branches to the left gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery
Left gastric artery
artery that serves the stomach that is branched from the celiac trunk
Splenic artery
artery that serves the spleen
Common hepatic artery
artery that branches into the right gastric artery and the gastroduodenal artery
Right gastric artery/Gastroduodenal artery
set of arteries that are branched from the common hepatic artery that serve the stomach
Hepatic artery proper
The common hepatic artery becomes what at the junction of the gastroduodenal artery
Liver
The hematic artery proper serves what?
Superior mesenteric artery
artery that serves the small intestines
Middle suprarenal arteries
arteries that serves the adrenal glands
Renal arteries
arteries that serve the kidneys
Gonadal arteries
arteries that serve the gonads
Inferior mesenteric artery
artery that serves the lower large intestines
Lumbar arteries
arteries that serve the lumbar region
Common iliac arteries
the abdominal aorta divides into what to serve the pelvis, lower abdominal walls, and the lower limbs? This also divides into the internal iliac artery and the external iliac artery
Internal iliac artery
iliac artery that divides into the superior and inferior gluteal arteries and the obturator artery
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries
arteries that serve the gluteal muscles
Obturator artery
Artery that serves the medial thigh, external genitals, and the perineum
External iliac artery
iliac artery that serves the anterior abdomial wall and lower limb and becomes the femoral artery in the thigh
Popliteal artery
the femoral artery turns into what at the knee (popliteal) region?
Popliteal artery
artery that branches into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Fibular artery
artery that is formed from the posterior tibial artery
Vena cavae
Veins converge onto what major vein?
Superior vena cava
Major vein that serves veins from the upper extremities and the head and branches to form the left and right brachiocephalic veins
Left/right brachiocephalic veins
veins that serve the upper extremities and branches into the internal jugular vein and the vertebral veins
Internal jugular vein
Vein that drains the superior sagittal and dural sinuses of the brain and branches into the superficial temporal vein and the facial vein
Vertebral veins
Vein that serves the posterior head, cervical vertebrae, and the spinal cord
Left/right subclavian vein
vein of the upper limb and thorax that branches to the external jugular vein, axillary vein, and the cephalic vein
External jugular vein
vein that drains the superficial tissue of the head and neck
Axillary vein
Vein formed by the subclavian vein as it passes axilla; branches into the brachial vein and the basilic vein
Brachial vein
vein in upper arm that branches to radial and ulnar veins
Basilic vein
vein in upper arm that branches to median cubital vein and median antebrachial vein
Azygos system
system of veins that drains intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles and is composed of the azygos vein and the hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein
Azygos vein
vein that is part of the azygos system that drains the right thorax
Hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein
vein that is part of the azygos system that drains the left thorax
Inferior vena cava
major vein that serves veins from the abdominal region and lower limbs and branches to the lumbar veins, right and left hepatic veins, right gonadal vein, right suprarenal vein, common iliac veins, and the renal vein
Renal vein
vein that is branched from the inferior vena cava and the left vein branches into the left suprarenal vein and the left gonadal vein
Common iliac vein
vein that is branched from the inferior vena cava that branches into the internal iliac vein and the external iliac vein
Internal iliac vein
Iliac vein that drains the pelvis
External iliac vein
Iliac vein that drains the leg and branches into the great saphenous vein and the femoral vein
Great saphenous vein
superficial vein in the lower limbs that is the longest in the body and is branched from the external iliac vein
Femoral vein
Vein formed from when the external iliac vein leaves the inguinal region and enters the thigh and later turns into the popliteal vein. Branches into the anterior tibial vein, the posterior tibial vein, and the fibular vein
Hepatic portal vein
Vein that drains blood from digestive viscera, spleen, and pancreas to liver and is formed by the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
vein that drains the spleen, pancreas, and stomach and branches into the interior mesenteric vein
Inferior mesenteric vein
vein that drains the distal portion of large intestine
Superior mesenteric vein
Vein that drains the small intestines and ascending colon
Gastric veins
veins that drain the stomach into the hepatic portal vein
Hepatic vein
vein that drains the liver to the inferior vena cava
Umbilical arteries
two blood vessels that carry O2 poor and waste laden blood to the placenta
Umbilical vein
blood vessel that carries O2 and nutrient rich blood
Ductus venosus
most blood is shunted past the liver to inferior vena cava in babies by what?
Foramen ovale
shunts blood from right to left atrium in the baby and closes at birth, becoming the fossa ovalis
Ductus arteriosus
shunts blood from pulmonary trunk to aorta in babies and collapses at birth, forming the ligamentum ateriosum
Brain
which major organ has its blood supplied by internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries from the aortic arch?
Internal carotid arteries
Arteries that branch within the cranial to the anterior and middle cerebral arteries
Anterior and middle cerebral arteries
arteries that supply most of the cerebrum with blood
Anterior and posterior communicating artery
artery that works with the left and right anterior cerebral arteries to contribute to the formation of the cerebral arterial circle (circle of willis)
Cerebral arterial circle (circle of willis)
artery that surrounds the pituitary and optic chiasm at the base of the brain
Vertebral arteries
arteries that from the subclavian enter though the foramen magnum to form the basilar artery
Basilar artery
artery that supplies the pons, cerebellum, and inner ear with its blood and divides into the posterior cerebral arteries at the base of the cerebrum
Posterior cerebral arteries
arteries that the base of the cerebrum that supplies the temporal occipital lobes with blood
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