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Chp. 11 Cultural Contributions

Terms in this set (58)

Who were the first people to believe in the freedom and the worth of the individual?
greeks
The Greeks tried to imitate the _____ by developing their abilities to the fullest.
gods
The result of the Greeks efforts was the _____ _____ of Greek culture.
golden age (classical age of greece)
The Greeks celebrated many different kinds of religious _____.
festivals
Out of the Greeks came important contributions to _____ culture.
western
The ____ ____, which were held every four years in honor of the god _____, became the most important sporting event in Greece.
olympic games; zeus
The _____ grew out of celebrations given in honor of the god Dionysus.
theater
A Greek thinker named _____ places very great importance on a method of questioning that helped people arrive at conclusions.
socrates
Another thinker named _____ set down his ideas about an ideal state in a book called _____ _____.
plato; the republic
Aristole contributed to the advancement of science by creating a system of _____.
classification
Greek scientists believed that the world is governed by natural _____ that humans can discover and understand.
laws
The first Greek scientist, Thales of Miletus, worked out the first two steps of the _____ _____.
scientific method
Hippocrates contributed to the field of _____.
medicine
Hippocrates drew up a list of rules for doctors known as _____ _____.
hippocratic oath
Where did the audience sit in the amphitheater?
theatron/ koilon
Where did the chorus members perform?
orchestra
Where was the scenery in a Greek play?
temple or palace/ skene
Where did the actors stand?
front of the scenery/ stage
Persons who could speak with the gods.
oracles
A statement of what might happen in the future.
prophecy
During the Golden Age, the Greeks worshiped the gods of _____ _____.
mount olympus
Who was Aphrodite?
goddess of love and beauty
Who was Ares?
god of war
Where did the chariot races take place?
in the hippodrome (oval track)
Combination of boxing and wrestling in which no holds were barred between the two fighters.
pancratium
The winner of the _____ was considered the best all-around.
pentathlon
Who is the "Father of History"?
herodotus
Talk in which personal thoughts and feelings are expressed to the audience.
soliloquy
Who added an additional character to each story and created what came to be known as a play?
aeschylus
Who were the three great writers of tragedy? ( all three lived in Athens during its Golden Age)
aeschylus, sophocles, and euripides
What did Aeschylus write about?
power and its effect on people
Who showed that people suffered because of their sins and mistakes and that suffering could make someone a better person?
sophocles
Who tried to show that people suffered because they did bad things?
euripides
What kind of play was after tragedy?
comedy
Who was one of the greatest writers of Greek comedy?
aristophanes
Ability to learn or reason.
intellect
The love of wisdom, according to the Greeks.
philosophia
People who search for such knowledge and wisdom are known as scientists and _____.
philosophers
Form of questioning developed by Socrates. Each question was designed to make a person arrive step-by-step at a final conclusion, or truth.
socratic method
Plato left Greece and traveled in Egypt and Italy for the next 12 years. When he returned, he set up a school outside Athens in the sacred grove of the hero _____.
academus
The school, where Plato hoped to train government leaders, was called the _____.
academy
The study of government.
political science
What was the first book ever written on political science?
the republic
Like Socrates, Plato believed in _____.
truth
In a work called _____ _____, Plato showed how difficult it is to discover truth.
the dialogues
The Dialogues consists of a series of discussions in which different people talk about such things as _____ and _____.
truth; loyalty
Who was one of Plato's brightest pupils?
aristole
Aristole was known as "_____".
the master of them that know
The process used by scientists to study something.
scientific method
Possible explanation.
hypothesis
Method of reasoning that uses three related statements. The third statement is a conclusion based on the information given in the first two.
syllogism
Athenians are _____. Socrates is an _____. Therefore, Socrates is _____.
greeks; athenian; greek
Who developed the syllogism?
aristole
Thales not only developed the first two steps of the scientific method, but he also correctly predicted an _____.
eclipse of the sun
What were Archimedes field and accomplishments?
mathematics; explained principle of lever
What were Aristarchus field and accomplishments?
astronomy; concluded that Earth revolves around the sun
What were Hippocrates field and accomplishments?
medicine; founder (father) of scientific medicine
What did the Hippocratic Oath say?
doctors should honor their teachers, do their best for the sick, never give positions, and keep the secrets of their patients. doctors all over the world still promise to honor the hippocratic oath
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