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Biology 2 Ecology Review

Terms in this set (25)

Ecology
The study of the environment
Species
A set of individuals that can interbreed and create fertile offspring
Population
A collection of all the same species in the same area that can interbreed.
Community
A collection of all of the living portions of a habitat.
Ecosystem
Both the living and non-living portions of an environment.
Biosphere
The parts of earth where life exists.
Abiotic Factors
Non-living factors in an environment.
Biotic Factors
Living factors in an environment
Autotroph
Makes it's own food through photosynthesis (Producer)
Heterotroph
Gets its energy by eating other organisms (Consumer)
Herbivore
Eats only producers
Omnivore
Eats both producers and consumers
Carnivore
Eats only other consumers
Detritivore
Eats dead plants and animals (scavenger)
Decomposer
Breaks down dead matter into material that is useful in the environment (bacteria)
Food Chain
A simple series of steps that shows feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
Food Web
A comples series of steps that shows all of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
Trophic Level
A step in a food chain or web. Each level shows the transfer of matter and energy.
Biodiversity
The variety of living things in an ecosystem.
Niche
The role that an organism plays in an ecosystem.
Immigration
Individuals moving into an ecosystem.
Emigration
Individuals moving out of an ecosystem.
Exponential Growth
Population growth that happens when there are no limiting factors. The graph is often shaped like a "J".
Logistic Growth
Population growth that is more common and happens when there are factors that limit a population. Shaped like an "s".
Carrying Capacity
The number of individuals that an ecosystem can support.
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