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Micro Lab Quiz - Bacterial Conjugation

Terms in this set (14)

Downside of binary fission in bacteria
no genetic variation
Three methods of genetic transfer in bacteria
1. transformation
2. conjugation (mating)
3. transduction
Integrated Recombination
Rearrangement of genetic material - donor DNA is integrated in recipient chromosome
Conjugation
F - plus F+ => F+ and F+
Genetic transfer between two bacterium by direct contact or by Sex Pilus.
An F+ bacterium encounters F- bacterium. The Factor Plasmid copies itself into the F- bacterium.
New genes from F plasmid can give recipient the phenotype
What does F+ refer to?
Bacteria has an Factor Plasmid separate from the chromosome
F -
Bacteria just has normal bacterial chromosome, no F plasmid
Hfr Bacterium - High Frequency Recombinant
Bacterium donates its genes with high frequency during conjugation by integrating F factor into chromosome
Chromosome and F-plasmid become one
Hfr plus F - ==> Hfr and F- (F- still has new genes though)
Plasmid
circular double stranded DNA molecules that can replicated independently from chromosome
Prototroph
Microorganism that needs same nutrients as the majority of its species
Auxotroph
Lacks ability to make one or more essential growth factors
occurs when prototroph mutates
HFR Picture
Picture of Transformation, Transduction, Conjugation
Transformation
uptake of foreign DNA from environment (usually released from dead bacteria) and incorporated into chromosome of cell
Transduction
Bacteriophages inject their viral DNA -> incorporates viral DNA into host DNA so its copied and passed on
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