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The Roaring Life of the 1920s

Terms in this set (49)

Prohibition
the era that prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. 18th Amendment
The largest population increase during the 1920s occurred in America where?
cities
Great Migration
movement of African Americans from South to northern cities
Why was it hard to enforce prohibition?
people were determined to break the law, people made own alcohol, not enough money to enforce the law, law enforcement official took bribes from smugglers & bootleggers
Who supported prohibition?
rural areas, small-town, religious rural white Protestants. Organized crime syndicates also supported because they made lots of money from it.
NOT recent immigrants
According too Fundamentalists, alcohol caused?
urban slums, child abuse, crime
NOT evangelism
speakeasy
hidden saloons and nightclubs that illegally sold liquor
bootlegger
smuggler who brought alcohol in from Canada and the Caribbean
What happened to the crime rate?
increased
fundamentalism
Religious movement based on the belief that everything written in the Bible was literally true
Clarence Darrow
attorney who defended John Scopes for teaching evolution in school
Scopes Monkey Trial
Trial of John scopes for teaching evolution. John Scopes, a young Biology teacher from Tennessee, challenged the Tennessee law making it a crime to teach evolution.
What is the significance of Scopes Trial?
It highlighted the struggle between science and religion in American schools
evolution
theory stating that plant and animal species had developed and changed over millions of years and humans had evolved from apes.
creationism
belief that God made the world and all its life forms, including humans in 6 days.
John T. Scopes
Biology teacher from Tennessee who challenged Tennessee law forbidding the teaching of evolution
William Jennings Bryan
attorney who was the prosecutor for Scopes trial
flapper
young woman who embrace the new fashions and values of the 1920s. Emancipated young woman who held new independent attitudes and liked the sophisticated new fashions of the day. Wore make-up, short skirts, short hair, excess jewelry, smoked, drank, & danced to new music.
double standard
stricter social and moral standards for woman than men in the 1920s
What allowed women to shed old roles in the 1920s?
equal wages paid for women and men, new managerial positions that were open to women, equality in the business world.
NOT work opportunities provided by new industrial economy
Charles A. Lindberg
first person to fly solo across the Atlantic. Fly from NYC in The Spirit of St. Louis to Paris.
George Gershwin
Concert music Composer merged jazz with traditional elements creating music with a new American sound. Influenced by both the music of Louis Armstrong and traditional music
Georgia O'Keefe
artist showed the grandeur of NYC later became famous for paintings of the Southwest.
Edward Hopper
artist who painted the loneliness of American life
Prominent writers of the 1920s held what type of view of US society?
critical
Sinclair Lewis
1st American to win a Nobel Prize for Literature. Novels: Main Street and Babbitt made fun of middle-class America's conformity and materialism.
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Novelist described the 1920s as the Jazz Age. Novels: This Side of Paradise and The Great Gatsby showed the negative side of the age.
Jazz Age
phrase Fitzgerald used to describe the 1920s
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Poet who celebrated youth and freedom from traditional restrictions.
Ernest Hemingway
Novelist who introduced a tough, simple style of writing that changed American literature.
Gertrude Stein
Novelist lived abroad because disliked American culture. Called the American novelists who lived in Paris the "Lost Generation". The Lost generation included Fitzgerald and Hemingway.
Lost Generation
American novelists (Stein, Hemingway, Fitzgerald) living in Paris who criticized American culture.
NAACP
Nation Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Worked to end violence against African Americans. Fought for legislation to protect African Americans, works with anti-lynching organizations and publish the magazine The Crisis
W.E.B. Du Bois
led peaceful protest against racial violence
James Weldon Johnson
Poet and civil rights leader. Lead the NAACP to protect African Americans. Led fight to get laws against lynching passed by Congress. No law passed but lynchings decreased.
Marcus Garvey
Black nationalist leader from Jamaica. Formed a black nationalist group called UNIA. Urged African Americans to return to Africa to set up an independent nation. Believed African Americans should build a separate society.
UNIA
Universal Negro Improvement Association. A black nationalist group started by Marcus Garvey.
Harlem Renaissance
A literary and artistic movement that celebrated African-American culture. In the 1920s, many African Americans, blacks from West Indies, Cuba, Puerto Rico and Haiti moved to Harlem. Harlem became the world's largest black urban community. The literary movement led by well educated blacks took pride in their African heritage and their people's culture.
Alain Locke
Harlem Renaissance writer who wrote The New Negro
Claude McKay
Poet who wrote about the pain of prejudice and urged African Americans to resist discrimination
Lagston hughes
Poet who wrote about the daily lives of working-class blacks. he wove the tempos of jazz and blues into his poems
Zora Neale Hurston
Anthropologist and author, famous female writer who collected folklore of poor Southern blacks
Paul Robeson
Actor, singer, and civil-rights leader. Starred in Eugene O'Neill's play The Emperor Jones and in Shakespeare's Othello
Jazz
Born in the early 20th century in New Orleans where musicians blended instrumental ragtime and vocal blues together.
Louis Armstrong
Trumpet player, Jazz musician, helped spread jazz music from New Orleans to the North.
Duke Ellington
jazz pianist and composer, Jazz musician, led 10 piece orchestra in Harlem's CottonClub night club, jazz pianist and one of the nation's greatest composers
Bessie Smith
Female Blues Singer, outstanding vocalist of the decade, highest-paid black artist in the world
Josephine Baker
famous dancer, singer and comedy star in Paris
Amelia Earhart
1st woman to fly solo across the Atlantic, in a record time of about 15 hours from Newfoundland to Ireland.
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