Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Study Guide Chapter 5

Terms in this set (20)

What are structural differences of little ones that effect articulation?
Tongue fills up too much space in oral cavity, elongation of lips
What are structural differences of little ones that effect phonation?
THINK LARYNX! larynx high up. arytenoids and cricoid are disproprtionately large, VFs can't vibrate as easily and are short
What are structural differences of little ones that effect Resonance?
approximation of velum and epiglottis (enough air pressure on closed glottis?) differences--less control of speech mechanisms such as the velo-pharyngeal port
What are structural differences of little ones that effect respiration?
less lung capacity obvs..lots of breaths per minute
______ _____ refers to the tendency of listeners to perceive speech sounds according to the phonemic categories of their native language. Can distinguish stops and fricatives by 3 months.
categorical perception
How does categorical perceptions relate to perceptual development from infancy to adulthood?
Perception of sounds outside native language diminishes as age. Pretty much once sounds and whatnot of own language is learned, but not necessarily completely until get good at speaking your language. Adults basically have no hope.
Are there perceptual milestones that coincide with productive milestones in infancy?
Yeah. most of the perceptual milestones happen the same time productive milestones are happening...later perceptual and productive--perceiving how people talk, jargon reflecting prosody and whatnot.
T/F: There is evidence that kids who are able to do speech discrimination head turn tests at 6 months did well on language development assessments at age 2.
True
The ______ ______ is the period prior to the production of real words.
prelinguistic phase
____ _____ is babbling that has stringed contoids (consonants) followed by vocoids (vowels) and develops around 6 months of age.
canonical babbling
What is jargon?
Basically babbling WITH adult-like prosody
What are the 5 stages of prelinguistics?
1. reflexive crying and vegetative sounds (0-2 mo)
2. cooing and laughter (2-4mo)
3. Vocal play (4-6 mo)--really similar to 2 (tongue height and position more advanced)
4. Canonical babbling (6 mo+)
5. Jargon stage (10 mo)
______ _____ refer to how we say things. pitch. loudness, tempo variations (RHYTHM)
prosodic features
How does prosody develop from infancy to adulthood?
prosody begins a bit at 6 mos with babbling stage and transitions into having so much adult-like prosody it becomes jargon and then eventually the words get there and it's speech!
What evidence is there of language prior to the linguistic phase? (Leading indicators)
LOTS of receptive ability during prelinguistic phase. understand what things are, who people are, etc
_____ ______ are an entity of relatively stable phonetic form that is produced consistently by a child in a particular context and is recognizably related to the adult-like word form of a particular language.
first words
How do syllable shapes evolve with development?
Babbling is CVCVCVCV (stops, nasals, glides)
First words are typically CV(CV)--reduplicated open syllables
Develop into closed syllables (CVC)
VC, etc
Eventually get dem consonant clusters
______ _______ is an individual's awareness of the sound structure or phonological structure of a spoken word in contrast to written words. CONSCIOUS understanding words are comprised of individual sounds, ability to manipulate sounds.
phonological awareness
T/F: phonological awareness is the foundation for reading and writing
True
Rhyming abilities/recognition falls under the category of what?
phonological awareness
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...