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Ch 28 Part 2

Terms in this set (46)

protostome
if mouth develops first; Includes Mollusca, annelida, anthropoda
deuterostome
if anus develops first; includes Echinodermata and chordata
Common Structures of Phylum Mollusca
1. visceral mass, 2.foot, 3. mantle, 4. radula
Mollusca (lit. def)
"soft body"
visceral mass
made up of the internal organs
foot
a large muscle for movement or attachment
mantle
a fold of tissue that drapes over the visceral mass; can secrete a shell
radula
scraping tongue-like organ; scoops like a backhoe
Polyplacophora (phylum & examples)
Mollusca, chitons
marine gastropods
gas exchange occurs on gills - folds exposed to water to absorb oxygen
terrestrial gastropods
gas exchange occurs in lungs - folds kept wet, but internalized to not dry out
nudibranchs
Solar Powered Sea Slugs; keep the chloroplasts from algae and undergo their own photosynthesis
Cultured pearl
human places a bead inside the bivalve and retrieves it
6 months later
Natural pearl
an irritant causes the bivalve to spontaneously produce layers of nacre
pearl
a concentric layer of nacre formed around an irritant (usu. a parasite.)
copulatory organ
penis in hermaphroditic gastropods used to deliver sperm
segmentation
a more efficient way to build a bigger body, different parts have different jobs
Oligochaete (lit. def.)
"few bristles"
clitellum
forms mucus and passes sperm from one worm to the other
pharynx of Oligochaeta
throat
crop of Oligochaeta
stores food
gizzard of Oligochaeta
grinds food
hydrostatic skeleton
fluid pressure offers support and resistance to muscle contractions.
hirudin
leech anticoagulant
Polychaeta (lit. def.)
many hairs/bristles
parapodia
paddle-like appendage on each segment of the polychaeta; functions for swimming and gas exchange
Common Structures of Phylum Arthropoda
1. jointed appendages, 2.exoskeleton, 3.well-developed nervous system, 4. 3 types of gas exchange surfaces
Exoskeleton of Arthropoda (MUO)
chitin and protein
ADVANTAGES of having an exoskeleton
protection, attachment site for muscles, prevents water loss
DISADVANTAGES of having an exoskeleton
must molt, leaving them vulnerable & limits gas exchange
simple eyes
an eye with one lens and many receptors
compound eyes
eye is made up of independent units each with one lens and receptors
3 types of gas exchange surfaces
gills, book lungs, and trachea
tracheae
tubes running through the entire body exposed to atmosphere at holes called
spiracles
spiracles
wholes where trachea interface with atmosphere
green gland
excretes metabolic waste through the base of antennae
zooplankton
copepods and small shrimp (krill)
decapods
crustaceans with 10 legs
Isopods
crustaceans with all the same lengthen legs
Cladocerans
freshwater suspension feeders
Copepods
food for marine animals; rice grain shape with two distinct antennae
Barnacles
sessile suspension feeders
ectoparasites
a parasite, such as a flea, that lives on the outside of its host.
3 feeding strategies for insects
mandibles(chewing), siphoning tube (sucking), modified siphoning (slurping)
Metamorphosis
development from young to adult
Ecological roles of insects
pollination, competition, food, recyclers
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