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Chapter 10 & 11 History test

Terms in this set (111)

Abbasids
Lost to persian empire and city of Baghdad in 945 A.D.
Seljuk
First Turkish group to capture Baghdad from Persians in 1055
Mamelukes
Turkish children raised as slaves to fight as warriors
Vizier
Persian for prime minister
Malik Shah
Most famous Seljuk sultan
Sultan
King
Saladin
Famous Kurdish crusader who recaptured Jerusalem
Janissary Corps
Fierce and loyal people of Ottoman army
Sulieman I
Under his leadership Ottoman Turks reached height of their power
Battle of Ain Jalut
Prevented Mongols from their conquest on Egypt/North Africa
All of the following were factors in the Abbasids acquiring Turkish slaves except what?
A. They were skilled soldiers
B. They were able to read Arabic
C. They were loyal
D. They were employed as bodyguards
B. They were able to read Arabic
The effects of the Seljuk Turks ties with the Persian included all of the following except what?
A. An almost complete disappearance of the Arabic language
B. The collapse of Islam
C. Strong support of the Persians
D. The Turks found they had much to learn from those whom they had defeated
B. The collapse of Islam
What was the religious affiliation of the Seljuk's?
Islam
The Turks adopted______as their language of culture.
Persian
Seljuk rulers were called ________.
Shahs
Describe the relationship between the Seljuk Turks and the Persians.
•Seljuks adopted Persian language (Farsi)
•Turks showed great admiration for Persian learning
•moved capital to Isfahan
•converted religion to Islam
•prime minister of the Seljuks was a Persian
•supported Persian art and architecture (beautified the city of Isfahan though mosaics and other art)
Ivan III
Prince of Moscow who led the Russians to freedom from the Mongols
Varangians
The Rus
Novgorod
Russia's first important city
Yaroslav the Wise
Created a legal code for Kiev that emphasized and protected property and commerce
Princess Olga
First member of Kievan nobility to convert to Christianity
Oleg
Founded Kiev on the Dneiper River
Ivan I
Was given title of 'Grand Prince' by Mongols and became most powerful of Russian princes
Alexander Nevsky
Novgorod's Prince and military hero
Slavs
Came from forested region around Black Sea
Czar
Russian version of Caesar
Kiev became the religious and cultural center of Russia during the rule of _______.
Yaroslav the Wise
What actions of Princess Olga reflected Byzantine influences of Kiev?
She converted to Orthodox Christianity
How did Mongol rule affect Russia's relations with Western Europe?
It isolated Russia from the West.
The major religion in Russia since the 10th century has been what?
Orthodox
What was one influence of Mongol rule on the history of Russia?
Russian leaders adopted the idea of strong, centralized control of their empire.
Justinian I and Yaroslav the Wise both created what?
Effective legal codes
Russia achieved liberation from Mongol rule after what?
The Russian and Mongol armies refused to fight, and both sides went home
Marriage was used as a political tool by who?
Yaroslav the Wise and Ivan III
Russian culture was strongly influenced by what?
The creation of the Cyrillic alphabet.
The combination of church and state influenced the rule of the following.
Vladimir's rule
What was the Mongol Empire in Russia called?
Khanate of the Golden Horde
What title did Ivan III use?
Czar
Under Mongol rule which of the following happened to Moscow?
A. Moscow was destroyed
B. Moscow gradually deteriorated
C. Moscow grew in wealth and power
D. It became the capital of Mongol empire
C. Moscow grew in wealth and power
Which of the following statements best describes the style of leadership that emerged in Russia? Democratic, compromising, cooperative, or autocratic
Autocratic
Which of the following cities became the capital of Russia under the Czars? Novgorod, Moscow, Kiev, or Constantinople
Moscow
Was appointed by the Byzantine Emperor
Patriarch
Justinian, like earlier Roman emperors, ruled as an ________?
Autocrat
A place to store water
Cistern
The beautiful church of holy wisdom in Constantinople
Hagia Sophia
Powerful wife of Justinian and a shrewd politician
Theodora
After this, the pope and patriarch excommunicated each other
Schism
Dispute over these divided the church and Byzantine Empire and Western Europe.
Icons
Led by ________, byzantine armies reconquered north Africa, Italy, and southern Spain
Belisarius
The body of laws was popularly known as Justinian's code
Corpus Juris Civilis
A constructive device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room or in elliptical dome over a rectangular room
Pendentive
Of all Justinian's works, he is best remembered for what?
His code of laws
Greek influence on Byzantine culture was most evident in its what?
Language
Byzantine civilization takes its name from what?
The original Greek settlement
The Byzantine Empire collapsed partly due to what?
War
Under the Ottomans, Constantinople became what?
Istanbul
The _________armies finally destroyed the Byzantine Empire in 1453
Turkish
The major conflicts between the eastern church and Western church included all of the following except what?
Infant baptism, do you split over Greek and Latin languages, the authority of the pope over byzantine patriarchs, or the use of icons?
Infant baptism
During the eighth century this over icons, which open the following supported the use of icons?
The pope, the patriarch, the Byzantine Emperor, or the bishops of the east?
The pope
Which of the following was not true of Theodora?
A. She was Emperor Justinian's wife, advisor, and aid
B. She was the daughter of a bear keep her in the circus
C. She was the dominant political figure of her age, controlling the empire from behind the scenes
D. She advised him to flee during a riot in Constantinople
D. She advised him to flee during a riot in Constantinople
List three strengths or accomplishments of the Byzantine Empire
•Hagia Sophia
•Justinian code
•Cyrillic alphabet
What are some similarities between Eastern orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism?
Both churches believe in the gospel of Jesus and in the Bible as interpreted by their church. They also believe that God uses sacraments to convey his love to humans. Sacraments are visible signs of something sacred, for instance, The water used in baptism is a sign of God's power to cleanse people of sin. Also their religious leaders are priests and bishops and they seek to covert people.
What are some differences between Eastern orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism?
In the eastern orthodox services are conducted in Greek or local languages also the patriarch and other bishops head the church as a group. In Roman Catholicism services are conducted in Latin and the Pope has authority over all other bishops. In the eastern orthodox priests may be married and divorced is allowed under certain conditions. In Roman Catholicism Priests cannot marry and cannot divorce
What was the capital of the Abbasid Empire?
Baghdad
What was the Fatimid capital?
Cairo
The 'protected people', or the Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians, were members of which class in Muslim society?
Third
What was the name of the center of learning under Abbasid rule?
House of wisdom
Calligraphy is a type of what?
Handwriting
Al-Kwarizmi was a scholar whose work with al-jabra contributed greatly to which field?
Mathematics
In what form of art can the greatest cultural blending of the Muslim world be seen?
Architecture
What encouraged Muslim leaders to support places of learning such as the house of wisdom?
Muhammad's emphasis on study and scholarship
Why did the Muslim way of trying lead to advances in astronomy?
Muslims wanted to know the precise direction of Mecca
Which of the following was not advanced during the Muslim empire? A. Optics B. Mathematics C. Medicine D. Portraiture
D. Portraiture
What was the preferred method of Muslim scientists?
Experiments in the laboratory setting
Which of the following was not true of the Muslim class system? A. all Muslims were considered a first class citizens B. Some class mobility existed with conversion to islam. C. Non-Muslim formed a third class D the fourth class was composed of slaves
A all Muslims were considered first class citizens
How did Muslim scholars help preserve European culture?
By translating works of Aristotle and Plato
Caliph
Successor to the prophet
Jihad
Striving
Sakk
Letters of credit
Umayyads
Moved islamic capital to Damascus
Shi'a
Party of Ali
Sunni
Followers of Muhammad's example
Sufi
Pursued life of poverty and devotion to Allah
Abbasids
Took control of the Umayyads
Fatimids
Shia caliphate in north Africa
al-Andalus
Islamic state in Spain
How did the Abbasids control their large empire?
Through a strong bureaucracy
Who replaced the last of the rightly guided caliphs?
Umayyads
The Umayyad dynasty was replaced by the
Abbasids
How were conquered peoples treated by the Muslim empire?
Their religions were tolerated, but restrictions and taxes were imposed
Who did Muslims consider people of the book?
Jews and Christians
The revolt led by the party of Ali in the early Umayyad period led to what?
The split of Islam into two groups, the Shia and the Sunni
The ________excepted the Umayyads as rulers
Sunni
The Abbasid capital was what?
Baghdad
Independent dynasties broke away from the central authority of the Abbasid Empire in all of the following except a.) Egypt b.) Morocco c.) Spain d.) France
D.) France
What was true of the "rightly guided" caliphs
They based their leadership on the Koran and Muhammad's actions
Hijrah
Muhammad's migration to Yathrib or Medina
Mosque
Islamic house of worship
Quran
Holy book of Islam
Muslim
One who has submitted to Allah
Islam
Those who submit to the will of Allah
Arabic name for God
Allah
One of the five pillars of Islam
The Hajj
Tribal ruler
Sheikh
City of the Kaaba
Makkah
Desert Arabs
Bedouin
Which of the following is one of the 5 pillars of Islam? a.) wealth b.) feasting c.) charity d.) conquest
C.) charity
The Islamic law code was the
Shari'ah
The town of Yathrib became known as the city of
Medina
The Muslim religious community is often called the
The umma
List the 5 pillars of Islam
1.) prayer
2.)alms
3.)pilgrimage
4.)faith
5.)fasting
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