Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Bio Ch 14

Terms in this set (36)

Alleles
Alternative versions of genes account for variation in inherited characters.
Amniocentesis
Tests performed to know whether the developing fetus has Tay-Sachs disease.
Carriers
Although phenotypically normal with regard to the disorder, heterozygotes may transmit the recessive allele to their offspring
Character
A heritable feature that varies among individuals,such as flower color.
Chorionic Villus Sampling(CVS)
Physician inserts a narrow tube thorugh the cervix into the uterus and suction out a tiny sample of tissue from the placenta. Screening for fetus
Codominance
The two alleles both affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways.
Complete Dominance
The Phenotypes of the heterozygote and the dominant homozygote are indistinguishable.
Cystic Fibrosis
Too much mucus membrabe
Diyhybrids
Crossing two true-breeding pea varieties that differ in both of these characters
Dominant Allele
Determined the organism's appearance
Epistasis
a gene at one locus alters the phonotypic expression of a gene at a second locus
F1 Generation
Hybrid offspring of P Generation(first filial generation, the word filial from the Latin word for "Son")
F2 Generation
F1 Hybrids(f1 generation) is allowed to self-pollinate(produce second filial generation)
Gentoype
Genetic makeup
Heterozygous
An organism that has two different alleles for a gene(Mm)
Homozygous
Pair of identical alleles for a character (KK,kk)
Huntington's Disease
Degenerative disease of the nervous system
Hybridization
Cross-pollination, two contrasting; This mating, or crossing, of two true-breeding parents.
Incomplete Dominance
The F1 hybrids have a phenotype somewhere between those of the parental varieties.
Law of independent assortment
states that each pair of alleles segregates independently of each other pair of alleles during gamete formation.
Law of Segregation
states that the two alleles for a heritable character segregate(separate) during gamete formation and end up in different gametes.
Monohrbrids
All the F1 progeny produced in his crosses of true-breeding parents, meaning that they were heterozygous for one character.
Multifactorial
Factors, both genetic and environmental, collectively influence phenotype.
Norm of Reaction
describes the pattern of phenotypic expression of a single genotype across a range of environments.
P Generation
Referred to true-breeding parents(parental generation)
Pedigree
Ancestry chart.
Phenotype
Organism's appearance or observable traits
Pleiotropy
Most genes have multiple phenotypic effects, genes give everyone differences
Punnet Square
Handy diagrammatic device for predicting the allele composition of offspring from a cross between individuals of known as genetic makeup. (SS,Ss,ss)
Quantitative Characters
Indicates polygeni inheritance, an additive effecct of two or more genes on a single phenotypic character
Recessive allele
has no noticeable effect on the organism's appearance
Sickle-cell Disease
Abnormally shaped blood cells
Tay-Sachs Disease
Inherited disorder which make brain cells of a child not metabolize certain lipids.
Testcross
Breeding an organism of unknown genotype with recessive homozygote, it can reveal the genotype of that organism.
Trait
Each variant for a character, such as purple or white color for flowers.
True-breeding
Each resulting zygote then developed into a plant embryo encased in a seed had produced only the same variety as the parent plant.
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...