85 terms
World Music
Karnatic Music
Southern Region, reference Tyagaraja a saint and musician. Unlike Tansen, Tygara refused government position. Kriti is a type of their music, vocals are important.
Hindustani Music
Northern Region, Improv.. Gharanas derive their legitimacy from Tansen. "art music".
Tansen
Hindustani founder. court musician who needed to illustrate his professionalism in order to escape charges of emotive and sensual musical
Tyagaraja
A saint and Musician. for Karnatic musicians, not associated with any court, not bound by anything other than his bhakti or devotion to Rama. As such he didn't need to protect his musical creations but rather shared them freely.
Gharana
A school of professional musicians who originally traced their heritage to a family tradition
Raga
A scale with musical characters such as pitch, ascending, descending
Svara
pitches
Vakra
crooked ragas, starting in 1 place and moving
Gamaka
Ornamenttion that notes may carry
Sargam
a organization system helping people to learn rags
Svarkalapana
Improvised singing in carnatic
Eduppu. Mukhra
The opening phrase of a Kriti
Tihai
A pre composed phrase said 3 times to add emphasis
Laya
tempo
Drut
Fast Tempo
Vilambit
Slow Tempo
Tala
Meter
Jati
metrical cycles with beats
Bol
Hindustani rythmic syllable
Solkattu/ Konnakol
rhythmic system to help people remember, combining simple combos
Bhajan
A Carnatic devotional Song
Kriti
The major Carnatic music (South). In 3 parts pallavi, anupallavi, caranam.
Alapanam
An improv performed before the Kriti, demonstrates abilities
Pallavi
Opening of the ragam, chorus
Anupallavi
the extension of the chorus, exploring other octives...
Caranam
is an off-shoot of the anupallavi and is often very virtuosic in terms of the improvisatory gestures that get incorporated into its performance.
alap
Alap: Raga improvisation in free rythm
gat
a precomposed piece in a raga
dhrupad and khyal
vocal performance
ghazel
A form of poetry from Muslim culture from North India
Jor
Section of Hindustani instrumental performance that follows alap and introduces pulse
jhala
The concluding section of instrumental improv following Jor in Hindustani music with lively and fast movements
volkstumlich
"Folk like" music of central Europe in which traditional folk and modern popular music are often mixed
melismatic
- Performing a single syllable of text by singing multiple notes or pithes is called Melisma. Syllbic singing by contract matches one syllable to a single note or pitch.
klezmer music
- Jewish instrumental musicians, active in social events and rites of passage before holocaust and revived in 20th century America.
saami
Circumpolar peoples, living in northern Norway, Sweden etc. Whose musical pracrices in Europe mix indigenous and modern sounds.
roma
Transnational communites of people reffered to as Gypsies. Active in Europe history and across continent.
parlando rubato
Identified and characterized by a speech like style stressing the worlds with rhythmic structure. Associated with "old style" Hungarian folk song.
tempo guisto
A dance like style that stresses strick meter adherence. Associated with New Style Hungarian folk song.
old style/ new style hungarian folk music
New Style Hungarian Folk- More flexability in the new folk, and any Hungarian song fits into "New". Melodies are repeated, 4 live verses, ruthem is dance like, non Hungarian elements incorporated, influence of popular song is used
Old-Style- a 5 note pentatonic scale, melodies start high and end low, rhythm is speech like, on popular song.
Old-Style- a 5 note pentatonic scale, melodies start high and end low, rhythm is speech like, on popular song.
volkslied
"Folk song" the song of traditional europea societies included under a single umbrella term from the 18th century
tamburitza
String ensemble from Southeaster Europe with high and low voices
saz
No recording. Lutelike instrument from Germany.
gusle
a lap fiddle of a Serbian ethnic singer
becar
Instrumentalist from southeastern Europe
ladino
Pre Italian latinate dialects of southern alps Romance vernacular of Sephardic jews.
eurovision
A huge song contect established in 1950s. By European Brodcasting Union. Pitting national entries against each other in an annual spectacle judged by telephone voting from entering nations... HUGE
Bira
A shona religious ceremony involving spirit possession. Uses 2 Mbiras and a Hosho (Shaker)
Shona
Zimbabwe people, a type of poetry that was used to speak against violence in ZImbabwe.. Chimeranga means struggle.
Mbira
An African Thumb Piano
Kushara
Part of the call and response
The lead piece played by a Shona mbira player
The lead piece played by a Shona mbira player
Kutsinara
Part of call and response
The answer piece played by a shone Mbira player
The answer piece played by a shone Mbira player
3 Principles of African Music
Interlocking- fitting ones pitches and beats into the spaces of other parts also called Hocket
Call and Response- the alternation or interlocking of leader and chorus of musical parts
Ostinato- A repeated or cyclical melody or pattern
Call and Response- the alternation or interlocking of leader and chorus of musical parts
Ostinato- A repeated or cyclical melody or pattern
Mbuti Pygmies
from congo offer a particular style on several african themes and use Hocket.
Musical Bow
Played in performer's mouth. Manipulate tension on the string to create pitches and melody. Mouth is used to change how much air goes in.
Hocket
technical term for requiring more than1 person to perform the melody (INTERLOCKING)
Jali
the term for hereditary professional musician in Mande society who serves as an oral historian
Kora
Instrument used by Jali, its a harp basically
Mande
Traditional Mali music
Ewe
..Dance Drumming
Dundun
Drum with attached with woven strings or cords, creating a suspension head. Incorporated into popular music
Highlife/ Palmwine (Ghana)
Palmwine is the name of the taverns where music was played, an ensemble consisted of a guitar, bass and percussion (whatever they could get their hands on)
Juju (Nigeria) New and Old
Nigerian Music with 2 parts : Early and New
Early: grew out of Palmwine with Banjo, tambourine and rattle. No brass sound
New: Since 1950s, expanded groups, and using Brass and electric guitar and accordion...
Early: grew out of Palmwine with Banjo, tambourine and rattle. No brass sound
New: Since 1950s, expanded groups, and using Brass and electric guitar and accordion...
Chimurenga (Zimbabwe)
Zimbabwe Music born from struggles uses a Mbira and very political
Peking Opera
musical attraction in Beijing, main type of chinese pop music
Qin/Guquin
- the most respected chinese instrument. A 7 string zither
Famous song Lu Shui (Flowing Water), associated with scholars and poets
Famous song Lu Shui (Flowing Water), associated with scholars and poets
Wenzipu
prose tablature (what people read off as they play the Guquin)
Jianzipu
...
Portamento
Bending of pitches for example on the Guquin...
Silk and bamboo ensemble
...
Pipa
..a 4 stringed flute with a bent neck imported to Kucha
Erhu
Chinas how and string instrument
Wen
- a short composition of Pastoral/ Lyric (can be about nature)
Sheng
Also a short composition Martial (modeled on famous stories lite battles etc)
Yanquin
dulcimer struck with a pair of bamboo sticks)
...
...
...
...
Hoomi
Relaxed Throat Singing
Sygyt
To whistle also type of throat singing
Kargara
to wheeze, drone is low in throat singing
Borbangnadyr
pulsating rhythm like galloping horses
Shoor
...End-blown Tuvan flute made from reed or wood
...
...
...
...
...
...