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CE 4650 LECT. 8
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Terms in this set (32)
where are the physical properties obtained from in the superpave asphalt binder specifications?
DSR, BBR, DTT, & RV
what are the physical properties of superpave asphalt binder specification?
- criteria remain the same
- temperature at which criteria achieved varies
- measured on aged binder
why a minimum G*/sin δ to address rutting?
we want a stiff, elastic binder to contribute to mix rutting resistance by increasing G* or decreasing δ
a large rutting factor value means the binder behaves more like ___.
an elastic solid
fatigue cracking is addressed by ___ temperature stiffness.
intermediate
fatigue factor is derived from ___ then ___ binders and refers to the ___ part of pavement service life.
RTFO
PAV
later
why is a maximum G*×sin δ to address fatigue?
we want a soft, elastic binder to sustain many loads without cracking by decreasing G* and δ
a smaller fatigue factor means ___.
a softer elastic material
why a minimum m-value and a maximum S to address low temperature cracking?
binder will be a soft elastic binder that will relax when stressed
why a minimum failure strain?
to produce a stiffer binder that will stretch without breaking
Low temperature cracking is controlled by ___ materials, and what are its S, m, and tensile failure strain specifications?
RTFO & PAV aged
S ≤ 300MPa
m ≥ 0.3
tensile failure strain ≥ 1.0%
(superpave asphalt binder spec.) pumping and handling are controlled by ___ or ___ and ___. the viscosity must be ___.
rotational or capillary viscometer
unaged binder
≤ 3 Pa∙s
(superpave asphalt binder spec.) safety is controlled by ___ by COC, and the temperature specification must be ___.
flash point
≤ 230°C
(superpace asphalt binder spec.) aging during hot mixing and construction is tested by ___ and controlled by ___.
RTFO
mass loss ≤ !%
(PG spec.) what does the method of selection consist of?
geographic area
pavement temperature
air temperature
how many weather database stations are in the US and canada?
6500 stations
(PG spec.) what are the two annual air temperatures to consider in pavement development?
hottest seven-day temperature
coldest temperature
on the normal distribution curve, average temperature has a ___ reliability, and design temperature has a ___ reliability.
50%
98%
an average summer as a ___ reliability, and a very hot summer has a ___ reliability?
50%
98%
pavement temperature is developed over ___.
20 years
pavement temperature is developed by environmental data that's obtained by ___.
converting historic air temp. to pavement temp.
what kind of models are used in pavement temperature development?
high & low temp. models
what is the high pavement temperature at the surface?
T(surf) = T(air) - 0.00618Lat² + 0.2289Lat +24.4
what is the high pavement temp at depth, d?
T(d) = T(surf)(1 - 0.063d + 0.07d² + 0.0004d³)
what is the high pavement temperature 20mm below the surface?
T(pav) = (T(air) - 0.00618Lat² + 0.2289Lat +42.4)
what is the low pavement temperature at a depth, d?
T(d) = T(air) + 0.051d - 0.000063d²
what is the rule of 90?
PG XX-XX < 90 - probably unmodified
PG XX-XX > 90 - probably modified
what are possible improvements offered by polymer modifiers?
stiffer mixes at high temp. & vice versa
improved fatigue life (durability)
reduced life cycle cost
what are two types of polymers?
elastomers & plastomers
elastomers offer ___ stiffness, but have ___.
high
flexibility
plastomers offer ___ stiffness, but have ___.
high
reduced flexibility
the rutting factor does not capture rutting for ___ system.
modified
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