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Florida Science Fusion 5th Grade - Unit 5 Review (Forms of Energy)

Terms in this set (53)

Energy
The ability to cause changes in matter; that which living things use to live, grow, and move.
True or False: Energy can cause change in matter.
True
True or False: Energy can change from one form to another.
True
True or False: Energy can be all used up until there is none left.
False
Does a book on a shelf have energy?
Yes. Someone gave it energy by lifting the book to the shelf. The energy is now stored in the book.
potential energy
Energy an object has because of its position or its condition
kinetic energy
The energy an object has because of its motion.
When a roller coaster is at the top of a hill, most of its energy is potential energy due to its position. What will change this potential energy to kinetic energy as the roller coaster starts down the hill?
Gravity. The kinetic energy again becomes potential energy as the roller coaster starts up the next hill.
Sound energy is what three things
1. a form of energy that is carried as waves in vibrating matter.
2. a type of kinetic energy, because particles of matter are moving.
3. the cause of all the sounds you hear.
Thermal energy
The total kinetic energy that makes up a substance.
What measure thermal energy?
Thermometers
What do you sense thermal energy as?
Temperature
Light energy
A form of energy that can travel through space. Light can also pass through some types of matter, such as air or glass. Light travels as waves.
Electrical energy
Energy caused by the movement of electric charges.
Can electrical energy change to other types of energy?
Yes.
Mechanical energy
The total energy of motion and position of an object.
What is the equation that shows the relationship between potential, kinetic, and mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential + energy
Chemical energy
Energy that is stored in matter and that can be released by a chemical reaction.
Give examples of something that uses chemical energy.
Your body, cars, flashlights, stoves.
Winding the key on a toy increases the toys ___________ energy.
Mechanical
Our bodies use the ______________ energy in food to move and stay warm.
Chemical
The hands on a watch move because the watch has __________ energy.
Mechanical
List three sources of light.
The sun, fires, lightning bugs.
Describe how energy in gasoline is transformed in a lawn mower.
Gasoline contains stored chemical energy. When gasoline is burned in a lawn mower, the energy is transformed into mechanical and thermal energy.
To move back and forth.
Vibrate
Form of energy you can hear?
Sound
Form of energy you can see?
Light
What your body feels thermal energy as?
Heat
What causes hair to stand out when touching an electrically charged object?
Each strand of hair has become charged in the same way, so the strands repel one another.
Electrical Charge
A property of a particle that affects how it behaves around other particles
Protons have a _________ charge?
Positive
Electrons have a __________ charge?
Negative
Neutrons have a ________ charge?
Neutral
________ sometimes gain or lose electrons.
Atoms
Particles with same charge _________ one another.
Repel
Particles with opposite charges _________ one another.
Attract
When you touch something, the electrons Jump from your finger (negative charge) to the object (positive charge). This jumping is called _____________?
Electrostatic discharge
When the difference in charge between a cloud and the ground is great enough, there is a huge electrostatic discharge that we call __________.
Lightning
List Three devices that use electric current from batteries.
Flashlight, cell phone, calculator
List three devices that use regular house electric current.
Stove, television, computers.
Electricity is produced at a generating ________, may use water, coal, or atoms (Nuclear) to produce the electricity you use.
Station
Where are the particles found in an atom?
Protons - Nucleus
Neutrons - Nucleus
Electrons - Cloud
Now we turn on a switch and the light comes on in our homes. In colonial times, homes were lit with ________.
Candles
We use an electric stove to cook our dinners or a microwave to heat up food; in colonial times, people wood use a ________ to cook all their meals?
Wood fire
Moving a magnet and a wire near each other produces an __________.
Electric Current
Inside a ________, the mechanical energy of falling water is used to turn generators, which change mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Hydroelectric dam
It is important to ________, or use less electricity as some natural resources will run out and renewable energy sources are not yet efficient enough to be solely relied upon.
Conserve
static electricity
The buildup of electric charges on an object.
electric motor
A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
electromagnet
A device in which current produces magnetism.
generator
A device that converts kinetic energy to electrical energy.
What kind of energy are represented a picture with fireworks exploding?
Many kinds of energy including chemical, thermal, sound, light, energy of motion, and energy of position are represented.
Electrical current
Movement of electrons from one place to another.
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