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Florida Science Fusion 5th Grade - Unit 4 Review (The Nature of Matter)

Terms in this set (59)

Why is air considered matter?
because it has mass and it has volume
The amount of matter in something is called
mass
The amount of space something takes up is called
volume
Does all matter have properties?
yes
The measure of the energy of motion of the particles in matter is called
temperature
How is the density of an object found?
by dividing the mass of an object by it's volume
A substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape is called
a liquid
Another physical property of matter is it's state. What are the 3 most common states of matter on earth?
solid, liquid, and gas
A substance that does not have a definite shape or volume is called
a gas
What is matter made up of?
tiny particles
What does the shape and volume of something depend on?
it's state
A substance with a definite shape and volume is called
a solid
Bubbles in a fish tank are a
gas
Water is an example of a
liquid
On a hot day, an ice cube melts. This change is caused by a change in temperature. When matter changes state, does it's type of matter change?
no
What happens when matter takes in or releases energy?
it's temperature changes
What happens when a gas releases energy?
it's temperature goes down until it condenses or changes to a liquid
What happens when a liquid releases energy?
it's temperature goes down until it freezes or changes to a solid
What happens when a solid takes in energy?
it's temperature rises until it melts or changes to a liquid
What happens when a liquid takes in energy?
it's temperature rises until it evaporates, or changes to a gas
True or False: The temperature at which a certain type of matter freezes or melts is the same.
True
True or False: The temperature at which a type of matter condenses or boils is not the same.
False, it is the same
What is the melting and freezing points for water?
0 degrees celcius
What are the condensation and boiling points for water?
100 degrees celcius
Does evaporation happen above or below the boiling point?
below
True or False: Each state of matter has the same physical properties.
False. Each state of matter has different physical properties
All solids have a shape, but the shape of some solids can be changed ______________.
easily
A property is a characteristic of matter that is used to ________________.
describe or identify the matter
The particles in a _____________ are close together, but they can slide past each other.
liquid
A solid changes to a liquid during a process called ______________.
melting
________________ can be compressed when put under pressure.
A gas
The mass of an object can be measured by using a ____________.
scale
Matter can change in ways that do not affect the type of matter. What are these changes called?
physical changes
Matter has other properties that cannot be observed without changing the identity of the matter. What are these properties called?
chemical properties
The process in which new substances are formed during a chemical change is called
a chemical reaction
What happens to most matter when the temperature goes up?
it expands
What happens to most matter when the temperature goes down?
it contracts
Most matter expands when the temperature goes up and contracts when the temperature goes down. What is one exception to this rule?
water. it expands when it freezes.
True or False: Temperature affects the rate at which chemical changes occur.
True
What does increasing the temperature do to the rate of chemical change?
it usually speeds up the rate of chemical change
What does decreasing the temperature do to the rate of chemical change?
it usually slows down the rate of chemical change
Why are low fevers sometimes good for you?
because low fevers help the body fight disease
A combination of two or more substances that keep their identities is called __________________.
a mixture
What kind of change is making a mixture?
a physical change
A mixture that has the same composition throughout is called ________________.
a solution
When does a solution form?
when one substance dissolves in another
Every substance has it's own density. True or False: Objects will float in water if they are less dense than water.
True
What are 4 ways to separate mixtures?
mesh screen, magnetic force, filtration, evaporation/boiling
What is the first step in recycling?
separate plastic, metal, and glass
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element is called _____________.
an atom
The scientific explanation of the structure of atoms and how they interact with other atoms is called _______________.
The atomic theory
What does the atomic theory state?
It states that an atom is mostly empty space
A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom is called _________________.
a proton
These particles are also found in the nucleus of an atom, but have no charge.
neutrons
Negatively charged particles that speed through an area around the nucleus called the electron cloud are called ___________________.
electrons
The type of matter made of just one kind of atom is called ______________.
an element
True or False: All atoms have the same number of protons.
True
A substance formed by at least two types of atoms that are chemically combined is called ________________.
a compound
True or False: The properties of a compound are usually the same as the properties of the elements that form it.
False, the properties of a compound are usually DIFFERENT from the properties of the elements that form it.
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