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Dental Hygiene Ethics

Terms in this set (58)

Moral Sensitivity
ethical awareness
moral weakness
moral responsibilities interfere with personal inclinations
moral uncertainty
question whether a moral obligation exists
moral dilemma
obligations and responsibilities in conflict
moral distress
frustration from perceived powerlessness when unable to act ethically
Six Step Decision Making Model
1. Identify the ethical dilemma - in form of question
2. Collect Information
3. State the Options - 2 to 3
4. Apply the ethical principles to the options
5. Make the Decision
6. Implement the decision - Who, What, When, Wher
Common DH Ethical Dilemmas
Substandard care
Over treatment
Scope of practice
Fraud
Confidentiality
Sexual Harassment
Abuse
Two aspects of ethics
Ability to discern right from wrong
Commitment to act on a decision
Aspects of a Profession
Specialized body of knowledge of value to society
Intensive academic course of study
Standards of Practice
External recognition by society
Code of Ethics
Organized association
Service orientation
Commercial model
Dentistry as a commodity
Guild Model
all knowing control of that knowledge
Interactive Model
patient and dentist as equals, bound by common values
Competency
essential skills requiring knowledge, skill, and ability
Accreditation
System developed to protect the patient and provide standards for evaluation
Professional Traits
Honesty & Integrity
Caring & Compassionate
Reliable & Responsible
Loyalty
Maturity & Self-Analysis
Interpersonal Communication
Tolerance for Others
Respect for Self
Honesty & integrity
a relationship of trust is essential to providing care when personal health information is shared.
Caring & Compassion
demonstrating the empathy necessary to comfort and guide the patient. Being merciful to all patients including those who are unlike ourselves or are difficult to treat.
Reliability & Responsibility
must accept responsibility for performing all services to the best standard of care. Maintaining current knowledge of dental hygiene theory and technique.
Maturity and Self-Analysis
works efficiently and effectively toward the goals of attaining and maintaining oral health for each patient. DH assesses her skills and takes responsibility for changing and improving those skills when necessary.
Loyalty
protecting and promoting the interests of a person, group, or organization. Promises should be carefully made and kept.
Interpersonal Communication
the foundation of trust lies in communication and the ability of the patient to speak and be heard and be kept in confidence.
Tolerance for Others
treat all patients without discrimination as a basic ethical and legal requirement.
Respect for Self
DH should maintain their own physical and mental health so that their patient's needs remain the primary focus.
Dr. A.C. Fones
father of dental hygiene. The scope of practice of a dental hygienist was first established by law in Connecticut in 1915 at his urging.
ADHA Code of Ethics
Preamble, Purpose, Key Concepts, Basic Beliefs, Fundamental Principles, Core Values, Standards of Professional Responsibility
Standards of Professional Responsibility
to clients, colleagues, employees/employers, dental hygiene profession, family, ourselves, community, research, for professional competence & development.
3 main components of the code of the American Dental Association
Principles of ethics - aspirational goals
Code of professional conduct - conduct required or prohibited
Advisory opinions - interpretations applied to specific situations.
Normative principles
provide a cognitive framework for analyzing moral questions and problems.
Principle of double effect "nonmaleficence"
inflicting harm to prevent harm (such as when doing SRP)
Justice
providing what is owed due or deserved. All patients receive same care. Equitable distribution of resources.
paternalism
making decision based on what is best for the patient
Benevolent deception
information believed to cause harm kept from the patient. Supported by Hippocratic Oath NOT Code of Ethics
Informed Consent
based on principle of Autonomy, patient provided with all info which allows them to Assimilate, Understand and Decide. Has legal and ethical implications
Confidentiality
Fidelity - Keep promises and fulfill commitments (Implied, Expressed, Contracts). Complete all treatment, keep confidences.
Prima Facie Duties
"at first glance" Duties that must be done before any other considerations enter the picture. Thiroux's rules.Always do the act that is in accord with the stronger prima facie duty. (ex. Child abuse)
Complementarity
recognizes the existence of an obligation to justice and basic human rights. Consider the values and perspectives of others before taking action that affects them.
Community
expresses our concern for the bond between individuals, the community and society in general. Leads us to preserve natural resources and show concern for the global environment.
Role of the DH in health care
provides educational, clinical, and therapeutic services supporting the total health of the patient through the promotion of optimal oral health. Preventive oral health care professional.
negligence
lack of reasonable and prudent care resulting in harm
Basic Beliefs
We contribute to the health of society
All people should have access to oral health care
Individuals are entitled to make health choices
We are qualified by licensure
We function interdependently
We are responsible for our actions.
Consequentialism/Utilitarian
Greatest good for the greatest number
Deontology/Nonconsequentialism
Sense of duty, doing right regardless of consequences
Virtue Ethics
Everyday decisions based upon our character, I will do this because I am a good person
Our first obligation to our patient (principle)
Nonmaleficence
Executive Branch
Implement & enforce the (statutory) laws
Board of Dentistry Responsibilities
Examination of dental professionals
License issuance
License Renewal
Investigation of disciplinary charges
Adopt Rules and Regulations
Legislative Branch
Responsible for the enactment of the state dental practice act. (enacts statutes)
Judiciary Branch
Final arbiter regarding the rights and responsibilities of individuals subject to the laws of the state
dental practice act
has rules based on the statutes that are enacted by the legislative branch
Civil Law
Crimes against a person
Tort Law
civil wrong that results from breach of a legal duty that exists by virtue of society's expectations of performance rather than a contractual obligation.
Two kinds of Civil law
Contract Law
Tort Law
Example of intentional tort
Battery, slander,
Example of unintentional tort
Negligence (malpractice is a form of negligence)
Criminal Law
Wrong against society
Examples of criminal law
Practicing without a license
Violations of the Dental Practice Act
3 common actions that result in injury
Failure to obtain informed consent
Professional Malpractice (negligence-unintentional tort, Failure to act reasonable)
Breach of Contract
Most common breach of contract
Health care provider promising the patient that the injury suffered would not occur. Don't tell patient this procedure will take care of their pain.
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