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AQA A-Level Physics - Quarks and Leptons

Terms in this set (28)

Muon
A heavy electron with a rest mass over 200x larger than the electron. A type of lepton
Pion
A pi meson which can be positive, negative or neutral. A type of hadron
Kaon
A K meson which can be positive, negative or neutral. A type of hadron
Geiger Counter
A piece of equipment that can be used to detect the presence of cosmic radiation. Two of these will click simultaneously if cosmic radiation is present
Any Kaon
Matter that can decay into:
- muon and antineutrino
- antimuon and neutrino
Charged Pion
Charged matter that can decay into:
- muon and antineutrino
- antimuon and neutrino
Neutral Pion
Matter that can decay into:
- high-energy photons
Matter Muon
Matter that can decay into:
- electron and antineutrino
Antimuon
Matter that can decay into:
- positron and neutrino
Leptons
Matter that interact through:
- EM interaction (if charged)
- Gravitational interaction
- Weak interaction
Hadrons
Matter that interact through:
- EM interaction (if charged)
- Gravitational interaction
- Weak interaction
- Strong interaction
Baryons
A sub-unit of hadrons which involve protons in their decay and consists of three quarks
Mesons
A sub-unit of hadrons which do not involve protons in their decay and consist of one quark and one anti-quark
Quark
Smaller particles that make up all hadrons, but do not make up leptons
Neutrino
A lepton which has two different types; the electron and muon
Strangeness
The only conservation law that is not considered in the weak force, but has to be considered in the strong force
uud
Quark composition of a proton
ddu
Quark composition of a neutron
u anti-u
Quark composition of neutral pion
d anti-u
Quark composition of negative pion
u anti-d
Quark composition of positive pion
d anti-s
Quark composition of neutral kaon
u anti-s
Quark composition of positive kaon
s anti-u
Quark composition of negative kaon
s anti-d
Quark composition of neutral anti-kaon
Beta-
When a down quark converts into an up quark, undergoes this type of decay
Beta+
When an up quark converts into a down quark, undergoes this type of decay
Conservation Laws
The fundamental laws of physics:
- Charge
- Mass
- Particles and Antiparticles
- Lepton Number
- Baryon Number
- Strangeness (except in weak force interactions)
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