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Review of Clinical Microbiology (ASCP) - gram positive bacilli

Terms in this set (11)

A gram stained smear from growth on an aerobic blood agar plate shows small gram positive bacilli that are pleomorphic and club shaped. To which genus do they most likely belong?
Corynebacterium
Are all Corynebacterium species pathogenic?
No. Corynebacterium diphteriae is the classical pathogen. Others are part of the normal flora of the skin and upper respiratory tract
What is a test that can differentiate nonhemolytic strep from Corynebacteria spp?
Catalase test

Corynebacteria are catalase positive; strep are catalase negative
Which media is used to isolate C. diphtheriae?
Cystine tellurite or modified Tinsdale is used for development of characteristic colonial morphology

C. diphteriae produce black colonies with dark brown halos on modified Tinsdale agar
Name two aerobic spore forming gram positive rods.
Bacillus anthracis (nonhemolytic and nonmotile)

Bacillus cereus (hemolytic and motile)
Describe the genus Bacillus
With the exception of B. anthracis, this genus is composed of low-virulent saprophytes that are widespread in air, soil, water, and animal products
In comparing the two bacillus organisms, B. anthracis and B. cereus, which is motile and which non-motile?
B. cereus is motile
B. anthracis is nonmotile
Describe Listeria monocytogenes.
Gram positive, non-spore-forming, motile, rod shaped, facultative anaerobe that is one of the most virulent foodborne pathogens.

It causes the infection listeriosis and is able to grow at temperatures as low as 0C. It is the third-most common cause of meningitis in newborns.
What is the most common cause of nosocomial-acquired diarrhea?
C. difficile
What is the only non-motile species of Clostridium?
C. perfringens
Which bacteria causes lock jaw?
Clostridium tetani
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