Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Ch 9 - Project Human Resource Management

Terms in this set (116)

What 3 ways can proactive organizations address current/future human resource needs?
improving benefits, redefining work hours and incentives, finding future workers
How can you fix the implication of: Number of hours that organizations expect IT professionals to work and how they reward performance.
avoid the need for overtime or make it clear that it's optional, provide incentives based on performance
__________________ - includes processes required to make the most effective use of the people involved with a project
Project human resource management
What are the four processes of project human resource management?
planning human resource management, acquiring the project team, developing the project team, managing the project team
__________________ - involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, and reporting relationships
planning human resource management
What process of project human resource management is the following output from:
human resource plan
planning human resource management
__________________ - involves assigning the needed personnel to work on the project
acquiring the project team
What process of project human resource management are the following outputs from:
Project staff assignments, resource calendars, project management plan updates
acquiring the project team
__________________ - involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance
developing the project team
What process of project human resource management are the following outputs from:
Team performance assessments and enterprise environmental factors updates
developing the project team
__________________ - involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance
managing the project team
What process of project human resource management are the following outputs from:
Change requests, project management plan updates, project documents updates, enterprise environmental factors updates, and organizational process assets updates
managing the project team
Psychosocial issues that affect how people work and how well they work include what 3 things?
motivation, influence/power, effectiveness
_____________ - causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment
intrinsic motivation
_____________ - causes people to do something for a reward or to avoid a penalty
extrinsic motivation
Who is best known for developing a hierarchy of needs?
Maslow
____________________ - people's behaviors are motivated by a sequence of needs
hierarchy of needs
What are the 5 levels of the hierarchy of needs?
Which ones are deficiency needs and which are growth?
physiological, safety, social, esteem, self-actualization

first 4 - deficiency; last - growth
Who is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings?
Herzberg
____________ - factors that cause job satisfaction
____________ - factors that could cause job dissatisfaction
motivators, hygiene
Name a couple motivators from Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory.
achievement, recognition, responsibility
Who proposed that a person's specific needs are acquired/learned over time and shaped by life experiences?
McClelland
What are the 3 acquired needs according to McClelland's acquired-needs theory?
achievement, affiliation, power
Which acquired need is the following?
Seek to excel, avoid low-risk and high-risk situations, need regular feedback
achievement
Which acquired need is the following?
Desire harmonious relationships with others, need to feel accepted by others, conform to norms of their work group
affiliation
Which acquired need is the following?
Desire personal/institutional power, want to direct and organize others (bossy)
power
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a tool to measure individual _________ of different people
needs
Who is best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y?
McGregor
Which Theory:
Assumes that worker wants to be directed, avoids responsibility, has little ambition, wants security above all else, dislikes work, and avoids work if possible
Theory X
Which Theory:
Assumes worker considers work as natural as play/rest
Most significant rewards are satisfaction of esteem and self-actualization needs
Theory Y
Which Theory:
Emphasizes trust, quality, collective decision making, cultural values
Workers can be trusted to do their jobs to their utmost ability as long as management will support them and look out for their wellbeing
Theory Z
____________ and ______________ investigated the approaches that project managers use to deal with workers
Thamhain, Wilemon
The following are 9 ______________ that are available to project managers:
authority, assignment, budget, promotion, money, penalty, work challenge, expertise, friendship
influence bases
When project managers used __________________ and _________________ to influence people, projects were more likely to succeed.
work challenge, expertise
____________ - ability to influence behavior to get people to do things they wouldn't otherwise do
power
What are the 5 main types of power?
coercive, legitimate, expert, reward, referent
__________ power - using punishment threats, other negative approaches
coercive
__________ power - getting people to do things based on position of authority
legitimate
__________ power - using personal knowledge and expertise
expert
__________ power - using incentives
reward
__________ power - based on person's own charisma
referent
People often respond better to manager who motivates them with _______________ and provides __________________ for doing a good job.
challenging work, positive reinforcement
What are the following 7 items?
be proactive, begin with the end in mind, put first things first, think win/win, seek first to understand then to be understood, synergize, sharpen the saw
habits of effective people
Which habit of effective people is described below?
People have the ability to be proactive and choose their responses to different situations
be proactive
Which habit of effective people is described below?
People focus on their values, what they want to accomplish, and how they want to be remembered in their lives
begin with the end in mind
Which habit of effective people is described below?
Develop time management system and matrix to help people prioritize their time
put first things first
Which habit of effective people is described below?
Parties in potential conflict work together to develop new solutions that benefit all parties
think win/win
Which habit of effective people is described below?
Take time to renew yourself physically, spiritually, mentally, and socially
sharpen the saw
________________ - listening with the intent to understand
empathic listening
________________ - concept that the whole is equal to more than the sum of its parts
synergy
Which habit of effective people differentiates good project managers from average/poor ones?
seek first to understand, then to be understood
Before you can practice empathic listening, you need a ___________ with people.
rapport
____________ - relation of harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity.
rapport
What's one technique for establishing rapport?
mirroring
____________ - matching certain behaviors of the other person
mirroring
______________ often includes:
Organizational chart for project, detailed info on roles and responsibilities, staffing management plan
human resource plan
_____________________ - fill in for project managers in their absence and assist them as needed
deputy project manager
_____________________ - responsible for managing the subprojects into which a large project might be divided
subproject manager
What are the following 4 steps for?
1. Finalizing project requirements
2. Defining how work will be accomplished
3. Breaking down work into manageable elements
4. Assigning work responsibilities
defining and assigning work
What process are the following outputs from?
finalized project scope baseline and finalized technical baseline
requirements finalization
What process are the following outputs from?
program/team approach, technical approaches
how work will be done
What process are the following outputs from?
WBS and activity definitons
break down the work
What process are the following outputs from?
organizational breakdown structure (OBS) and OBS responsibilities
assign the work
Work definition and assignment process is carried out during __________ and __________ phases of a project.
proposal, startup
What provides basis for defining and finalizing work requirements?
What is used if that isn't provided?
Request for Proposal (RFP), project charter and scope statement
________________ - specific type of organizational chart that shows which organizational units are responsible for which work items
Organizational breakdown structure (OBS)
_________________ - maps the work of the project to the people responsible for performing the work
responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)
____________ show 4 key roles for project stakeholders
RACI charts
What are 4 key roles in RACI charts?
responsibility, accountability, consultation, informed
________________ - describes when and how people will be added to project team and taken off of it
staffing management plan
________________ - column chart that show the number of resources assigned to a project over time
resource histogram
Which process of acquiring the project team do the following outputs belong to?
Project staff assignments
Resource availability information
Updates to staffing management plan
resource assignment
What describes the following?
Number and type of people currently in organization
Number and type of people anticipated to be needed for project
Inventory of employees' skills
staffing plan
______________ department is usually responsible for hiring people
HR
What are the 2 techniques available to managers to help them use staff most effectively?
resource loading, resource leveling
_________________ - amount of individual resources than an existing schedule requires during specific time periods
resource loading
What can show when work is being overallocated to a certain person/group?
resource histogram
____________ - not enough resources available to perform assigned work during a given time period
overallocation
_________________ - technique for resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks
resource leveling
The purpose of ___________ is to create a smoother distribution of resource usage.
resource leveling
Main goal of __________________:
Help people work together more effectively to improve project performance
developing the project team
What model describes 5 stages of team development?
Tuckman
What are the 5 stages of Tuckman model?
forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning
Should provide training in a _______________ fashion.
just-in-time
What are 2 common approaches to team-building activities?
physical challenges, mental challenges
What's the name of the tool for determining personality preferences?
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
What are the 4 dimensions of psychological types that MBTI include?
Extrovert/Introvert (E/I), Sensation/Intuition (S/N), Thinking/Feeling (T/F), Judgment/Perception (J/P)
What are the 4 behavioral profiles/zones for the social styles profile?
driver, expressive, analytical, amiable
Which of the 4 behavioral profiles/zones for the social styles profile is proactive and task-oriented?
driver
Which of the 4 behavioral profiles/zones for the social styles profile is proactive and people-oriented?
expressive
Which of the 4 behavioral profiles/zones for the social styles profile is reactive and task-oriented?
analytical
Which of the 4 behavioral profiles/zones for the social styles profile is reactive and people-oriented?
amiable
What does DISC of DISC profile stand for?
dominance, influence, steadiness, compliance
____________ - used to reveal people's behavioral tendencies under certain situations
DISC profile
Name 4 tools/techniques for managing project teams.
observation and conversation, project performance appraisals, interpersonal skills, conflict management
What are the following 6 modes/strategies for?
Confrontation, compromise, smoothing, forcing, withdrawal, collaborating
handling conflict
Each strategy for handling conflict has high, medium, or low importance on what 2 levels?
task or goal, relationship
What are the following 5 things?
Absence of trust
Fear of conflict
Lack of commitment
Avoidance of accountability
Inattention to results
dysfunctions of teams
The acquiring of the project team is a subprocess associated with the ______________ process of project human resource management.
A. controlling and monitoring
B. executing
C. initiating
D. planning
B. executing
True or false?
Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and account departments.
True
The first step in the framework for defining and assigning work is ____________.
A. breaking down the work into manageable elements
B. defining how the work will be accomplished
C. finalizing the project requirements
D. assigning work responsibilities
C. finalizing the project requirements
True or false?
Extrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.
False
True or false?
The first dimension of psychological type in the MBTI signifies whether people draw their energy from other people (extroverts) or from inside themselves (introverts).
True
True or false?
A RAM is used only to assign detailed work activities.
False
The highest level of needs in Maslow's structure is referred to as a _____________ need.
A. growth
B. physiological
C. safety
D. deficiency
A. growth
___________ involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do.
A. Referent power
B. Coercive power
C. Reward power
D. Legitimate power
B. coercive power
According to Thamhain and Wilemon, ____________ is the ability to improve a worker's position.
A. penalty
B. promotion
C. assignment
D. expertise
B. promotion
True or false?
Assignment, budget, promotion, money, and penalty influence bases are automatically available to project managers as part of their position.
False
True or false?
According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present.
False
Managers who follow _____________ assume that the average worker wants to be directed and prefers to avoid responsibility.
A. Theory Z
B. Theory X
C. Theory Y
D. Theory K
B. Theory X
In the MBTI, the ____________ dimension relates to the manner in which you gather information.
A. Extrovert/Introvert
B. Judgement/Perception
C. Thinking/Feeling
D. Sensation/Intuition
D. Sensation/Intuition
According to Blake and Mouton, project managers who use the ______________ method use a give- and take-approach to resolving conflicts.
A. compromise
B. smoothing
C. confrontation
D. forcing
A. compromise
According to Herzberg, which of the following is a motivational factor?
A. Health benefits
B. Salary
C. Training
D. Recognition
D. Recognition
_________________ refers to matching certain behaviors of the other person.
A. Empathic listening
B. Synergy
C. Mirroring
D. Rapport
C. Mirroring
_________ involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance.
A. Acquiring the project team
B. Developing the human resource plan
C. Developing the project team
D. Managing the project team
D. Managing the project team
True or false?
A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) is a matrix that maps the work of the project as described in the OBS to the people responsible for performing the work as described in the WBS.
False
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...