Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

PRAXIS II : UNITED STATES HISTORY

Terms in this set (74)

Inuit
also called the Eskimos
- lived int Arctic and subarctic areas in North America thousands of years ago
- 4,000 years old
- origins in Asia
- adapted to extremely cold environments
Anasazi
Native American civilization that once existed in the southwestern areas, now the US
- 100 - 1600 BCE
- constructed buildings into the sides of cliffs
- Cliff dwellers
Kwakiutl
lived on the west coast of the US
- Northwest indians
- mostly fisherman
Plain Indians
nomadic and ranged from the norther border to the southern border of the US
- easily recognized for their equestrian culture
Mound Builders
group of cultures who inhabited North America back to 3000 BCE
- built mounds across central US
- violent conflict between them and the Europeans
Iroquois
group of several tribes that were based in northeastern US at the time or European exploration
- organize to form a league now known as the Six Nations
- now have 10,000 people mostly living in Canada and New York
Christopher Columbus
1492 voyage in the ships Santa, Maria, Pinta, and Nina
Neil Ericson
before Columbus
Massachusetts Bay Company
1629
- the company funded the colony of Plymouth
- the charter expired and it became a royal colony
Mayflower Compact
signed in 1620, the compact was an agreement between the colonies that became the foundation of civil government in Plymouth
Salem Witch Trials
1692
- led to the execution of 19 on charges of witchcraft
- part of a political lexicon
- witch hunt: metaphor for a paranoid politically motivated persecution
Declaration of Independence
July 4th
Articles of Confederation
initial basis for interstate government among the free colonies
The Connecticut Compromise
Roger Sherman proposed a number of state representatives in the House of Representatives would determine the state's population while every state would get 2 reps in the Senate
- electoral college used to elect president
The Three Fifths Compromise
proposed slaves be counted as citizens even though they would have no rights as citizens
- 3/5 of a citizen
The Bill of Rights
first 10 amendments to the constitution
Benjamin Franklin
a relentless campaigner for colonial unity, one of the founding fathers
- one of 5 who drafted the Declaration of Independence
- a scientist, inventor, leader in the Enlightenment movement
Continental Congress
a legislative body created by the colonies this group acts as the government during the revolution
- produced the Declaration of Independance
Founding Fathers
a group of advocates including George Washington, B. Franklin, Thomas Paine, John Adams, Samuel Adams, James Madison, and Patrick Henry who signed the Declaration of Independence
- believed in republican values and acted as a motivating force for the revolution
Intolerable Acts
colonists dubbed the series of laws passed by the bristish in 1774
- pushed the colonies further toward rebellion
Loyalists
colonists who remained loyal to the british government also called Tories
- 1/3 of colonists were loyalists
navigation acts
laws that restricted shipping to and from the colonies
- intended to protect the british government from foreign competition
The Stamp Act
taxation laws which taxed paper goods
Thomas Jefferson
third president of the US for 2 terms
- primary author of the Declaration of Independence
Louisiana Purchase
1803
-purchased over 800,000 square feet of land led by Meriwherther Lewis and William Clark
Sacajawea
aided Clark and Lewis in their journeys
Trail of Tears
ten of thousands of native americans displaced from their homelands and sent to a new land in indian territory
War of 1812
first international crisis
- two year conflict with the british
Slavery Compromise
attempt to defuse slavery
- missouri compromise
- Compromise of 1850
Federalists
one of the first political parties in America
- believed in strong central government
- The Federalist Papers is a series of essays that presents the view of the debates over the Consitititon
- opponents: antifederalist
Manifest Destiny
belief that the United States has a special and divine city to spread over the entire North American continent
Monroe Doctrine
1823
- no european nations should intervene with Americas growth and colonization within the Western Hemisphere
- agreement that the US would not interfere with European colonies or countries
- President James Monroe
Texas Revolution
1836
- americans rebelled in texas and took the territory by the force of arms
- The republic of Texas joined the Union in 1845
Abraham Lincoln
proved the flashpoint of the Civil War
Confederate States of America
led by Jefferson Davis as their president
- seized the US
Emancipation Proclamation
freeing ll the slaves in the rebel states
Battle of Gettysburg
July 1863
- provided pivotal point in the war as the confederate leader, General Robert E. Lee, in attempt to continue invading the North
Gettysburg Address
Lincoln speech in american history in victory of the war
General Ulysses S. Grant
army surrendered to him by Robert Lee
Abolitionism
movement to end slavery in the years leading to the Civil War
- William Lloyd Garrison
- Frederick Douglas
- Harriet Beecher Stowe
- Harriet Tubman
13th Amendment
abolished slavery
14th Amendment
overruled Dred Scott v. Sanford to allow black Americans to gain citizenship
15 Amendment
stated that the citizens of the US must not be denied the right to vote based on their race
Black Codes
restrictive laws regulating the lives of African Americans passed by Southern states during Reconstruction, they developed into the segregation laws that would last unto 1960's
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Supreme Court case declared the black men and women in the United States could never become US citizens
Frederick Douglas
a former slave, the abolitionist Douglas believed firmly in the equality of all people
- helped inspire the emancipation through his brilliant writing and speeches including his best selling autobiography
Free Soil Party
This antislavery part was formed in 1848 and later merged with the fledging Republican party
Fugitive Slave Acts
laws passed from 1787 to 1864 dealt with the treatment of escaped slaves
- enforcing laws became more difficult as the civil war approached
Indian Wars
long series of conflicts with various tribes in the 19th century
only had reduced territory again and again
Harriet Beecher Stowe
abolitionist who authored Uncle Tom's Cabin, alerting readers about the struggles of slaves
Harriet Tubman
as escaped slave like Frederick Douglas rescued more than 70 slaves from slavery
John Brown
violent attempts to trie and end the practice of slavery
- was hanged for his involvement in Harpers Ferry and murder for 5 proslavery southerners
Plessy v Furgeson
allowing the concept of separate but equal
Robert Fulton's steamboat
used in trade and distribution of goods ding the century
Eli Whitney's contain gin
invented to help turn cotton into a profitable crop and shaped the economy of the American south as a result
Cyrus McCormick
developed a mechanical reaper in the 1830's that would greatly improve farming techniques
Assembly Line
breaking down a complicated task and having different worker specializes on each single specific task
Mass Production
standardized parts were invented
- crucial aspect of the growing industrial economy of the US
Monopoly
organization that becomes the sale provider of a product is said to have a monopoly on the product
- lack competition, can drive up prices without the fear of a consumer backlash
Robber Barons
wealthy and morally questionable businesspersons for banking or industrial empires
Trust
no longer allowed in american business
Spanish-American War
control of several of the former spanish territories including Puerto Rico and Philippines
The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organization
organization of skilled workers according to their craft rather than on an industrial basis
Grange Movement
organized farmers and regulated railroad companies
Homestead Strike
pitted workers agains a Carnegie Steel Company
- violent conflict and state militia were called against the workers
Muckrakers
investigative journalists who sought to expose social ills
Fourteen Points
principles for peaceful international relations would be worked into the treaty of versailles
Trench Warfare
protracted fighting between soldiers in health fortified trenches
U-boat
submaries
Prohibition
alcohol banned
Harlem Renaissance
artistic and intellectual revluton in the African American Community set the stage for the civi rights movement
Red Scare
first 2 panics about supposed communists infiltration
- led to the deportation of 6000 ppl
Lost Generation
energized arts by helping introduce modernism to American audiences
New Deal
government reforms for work programs
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...