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unit 9: human genetics

Terms in this set (16)

genome
entire set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA
karyotype
micrograph of the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size
sex chromosome
one of two chromosomes that determines an individuals sex
autosome
chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosome
sex- linked gene
gene located on a sex chromosome
pedigree
chart that shows the presence or absence of a trait according to the relationships within a family across several generations
gamete
sex cell
allele
one of a number of different forms of a gene
genotype
genetic makeup of an organism
phenotype
physical characteristics of an organism
sickle cell disease
caused by a defective allele for beta-globin
cystic fibrosis
recessive. caused by a genetic change as small as the earwax allele
Huntington's disease
caused by a dominant allele for a protein found in brain cells
klinefelter syndrome
XXY one extra sex chromosome. 47 chromosomes
turner syndrome
caused by a missing or incomplete X chromosome
down syndrome
caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...