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PHIL 100 Exam 2

Terms in this set (42)

Marxist Communism
private property and the political systems that support it will be abolished by historical necessity (via internal contradictions and a revolution), resulting in a classless & egalitarian utopia with as little private property as feasible
Marxism in a nutshell
abolish private property and the political systems who support it.
therefore, anarchy (no government)
Socialism
minimal private ownership of the means of production; and a leveling of private property
Capitalism
private ownership of the means of production is allowed and economic holdings are determined largely by private transactions in a free market. State regulation and ownership should be minimized as much as possible
communism
abolition of private ownership as much as possible
Proletariat
the class of workers or laborers. Those who have no commodity to sell except their labor
Bourgeois
the ownership class those who possesses capital
Dialectical Materialism
A historical process in which the thesis, in conflict with the antithesis, is replaced by the synthesis.

the dialectical pattern is purely deterministic (stairs)
ALIENATION
los of freedom and autonomy

1. worker alienated from labor (can't decide what to do, how or when to do it) 2. alienated from object of labor (doesn't own control or decide how to use) 3. alienatied from self and others (can't do what you want, must specialize, econ competition)
EXPLOITATION
worker paid less than the value he produces
marxian goal
no private property
marxism is an abolitionist movement abolish private property
thoroughgoing consequentialist movement the ends justify the means
Marx's Argument Contra Capitalism
Capitalism is unjust because it involves coercion
Labor theory of value
value value of commodity determined by amount of labor needed to produce or obtain it(everyone thinks this is false)
ideology
nstitutional beliefs that support status quo in a hiddln way (part of superstructure)
commodification
reat all things as commodities, even those that shouldn't be (in capitalism)
displacement
bad images merge into benign
Class Consciousness
The consciousness one receives from one's economic class.
False Consciousness
Seeing the world in a systematically incorrect way.
Egalitarianism
The belief that goods (things can be owned and distributed between persons) should be distributed equally among all people, or distributed based on need.
base/superstructure model
institutions of society have an ideological function: inculcate the ideology, to maintain and preserve the status quo
whats in the base
means of production, economic relations
whats in the superstructure
ideologies-art, family,religion, politics, pop. culture etc.
capital
wealth used as an investment in property and labor
labor
the productive power of an individual a persons efforts time and talents which be sold for a wage
public property
property owned by the state government or perhaps people
private property
property owned by individual or groups of individual but not owned by the state
determinist theory
given the past there is but a single possible future
indeterminism
single past, many possible future
"you didn't build it"
much of what we are, do, and possesses are the result of luck

consider that you did not choose you nativity, talents, parents society
(natural inheritance
no one deserves this.
desert
what you are based on your deeds
entitlement
what you are due not based on your deeds
marx was a collectivist and conventionalist
...
objectification
everything becomes a commodity
marionette theories (determinism)
forces and events external to the human and beyond human control cause human behavior
hand puppet theories
forces and causes internal to the human, but beyond human control, cause human behavior (ex: genes, environment, instincts, repressed material)
diachronic
through film
synchronic
through eyes
body parts argument
any argument that we have surplus of something we should give it up
ex kidney
Which of the following would Marx not have considered an ideological element:
the means of economic production.
The famous last few sentences of the COMMUNIST MANIFESTO assert that the workers of the world should unite because:
there is a world to win.
Which of the following is properly considered a reductionist with regard to humanity:
marx and freud
Marx described himself as a(n)_____ in the Communist Manifesto.
bourgeois who can understand history.
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