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Gyn 2 - Ovarian Disorders (Kanzler's Worksheet)

Terms in this set (28)

Define functional cyst.
An anatomic variation arising from normal ovarian function
What causes a functional cyst?
- A follicle fails to rupture
- No ovulation (causing a lengthening of the follicular phase)
What are some S/S of a functional cyst?
Secondary amenorrhea
Mild-moderate unilateral lower abdominal pain
What might you find on PE of a functional cyst?
Secondary amenorrhea
Mild-moderate unilateral lower abdominal pain
What is the DX test for a functional cyst?
Pelvic US for a unilocular simple cyst
What is the TX for a functional cyst?
- Usually spontaneously resolve within 6 weeks
- May rupture causing acute pain
What primarily causes Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
Hyperandrogenism
What are some S/S of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
Hirsutism
Anovulation or oligo-ovulation
Infertility
What might you find on PE of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
Excessive hair
Acne
Obesity
Metabolic Syndrome
What DX tests should be done for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
LH/FSH ratio: > 3 x's
FBS
Lipids
Testosterone: Upper limits of normal
Estrone level > estradiol level
Ultrasound: "Necklace", "string of pearls" simple cysts
What is the TX for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
Oral contraceptives
Metformin
Refer: Endocrinologist
Endometrial hyperplasia can become __________.
Malignant
Define ovarian Torsion
Ischemic condition where >50% occur on the right side.
What are some causes of ovarian torsion?
- Enlarged Ovary
- Pregnancy
- Tumors
What might some S/S of ovarian torsion be?
Sudden onset of severe unilateral lower abdominal pain
What might you find on PE of ovarian torsion?
TENDERNESS
What DX test should be done for ovarian torsion?
Doppler US will show a lack of blood flow to the ovary
What is the TX for ovary torsion?
Surgery
Ovarian torsion is considered a _________ _________!!!
Medical emergency
Define ovarian CA.
Malignant epithelial cells spread by direct extension within peritoneal cavity
What is the prognosis of ovarian CA?
Of 25,000 new cases diagnosed yearly ~ 60% will die in 5 years
What is the most common type of ovarian CA?
Malignant epithelial cells
Who gets germ cell CA of the ovary?
<20 years old
Who gets Stromal cell ovarian CA?
Older women - it is associated with hormonal production and has "functioning tumors"
What are some S/S of ovarian CA?
Increased abdominal girth
Fatigue
Abdominal pain or bloating
Nausea or Anorexia
Urinary Symptoms: Incontinence, Frequency, Urgency
What might you find on PE of ovarian CA?
Adnexal mass: mobile, fixed, firm, cystic, bilateral, unilateral
What are some DX tests you can do for ovarian CA?
CA-125 is associated with ovarian cancer
BUT, not used to diagnose
Only to monitor treatment or recurrent disease
What is the TX for ovarian CA?
REFER
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