Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Eyes and Ears- Anatomy

Terms in this set (48)

Eyes
Primary function is to capture light and transform it into images that the brain interprets.
Eyelids
Thin folds of skin that cover and protect the eye. provide protection and help lubricate the eyes
Cornea
transparent part of the outer layer of the eye. the iris and pupil are visible through it.
Cornea
covers the front of the eye and refracts light rays inward
Aqueous humor
thick watery substance that is continuously replenished. maintains the curvature of the lens. located between the lens and cornea
Lens
Converges light rays to a focal point on the back wall of the eye ( the Retina) by acting like a biconvex lens.
Ciliary Muscles
Small muscles in the eye that control the lens. located around the iris and lens
Ciliary Muscles
Holds the lens in place and regulates its thickness.
Iris
The colored part of the eye. contains smooth muscles and controls the size of the pupil. located in the front of the lens
Iris
Regulates the amount of light that enters the eye by controlling the size of the pupil.
Pupil
Is an opening that allows light to enter the eye.
Vitreous Humor
Is a gelatinous substance that gives shape to the eye. located between the lens and the retina.
Retina
Receives the images we see.
Conjunctiva
Is a thin, blood-rich, transparent membrane covering the white portion of the eye and lining the eyelid. protects the eye from infection.
Choroid
Is the middle layer of the eye. A thin layer of blood vessels in the eye.
Sclera
Is the white part of the eye. Protects the eye and is the outer layer of the eye.
Miosis
When the sphincter muscles contract, the pupil shrinks.
Optic Nerve
Responsible for the transmission of sight impulses to the brain. located at the back of the eye and connects to the brain.
Optic Nerve
Transmits signals from the eye to the brain.
Ophthalmic Nerve
Responsible for the transmission of feeling from the eye and surounding areas. located around the eye and connects to the brain.
Ophthalmic Nerve
Trasnmits sensory information, including pain and temperature, from the eye and surrounding areas to the brain
Lacrimal Glands
Are tear glands that are slightly antimicrobial. located in the upper portion of the eye.
Lacrimal Glands
Secrete fluids (tears) that protect and lubricate the eye.
Ear
Converts sound waves into electrical nerve impulses and help with balance and equilibrium.
External Ear
Acts as a funnel, collecting and channeling sound waves. consists of four parts, auricle, external auditory canal, ceruminous glands, and the tympanic membrane (ear drum).
Auricle "pinna"
Capture and funnel sound waves toward the ears interior.
External Auditory Canal (ear canal)
A tube that leads from the auricle to the tympanic membrane. the outer third of the canal contain many short hairs and ceruminous glands.
Ceruminous Glands
Specialized glands that produce cerumen (ear wax). located in the outer third portion of the external auditory canal.
Tympanic Membrane (ear drum)
Sound waves converted to mechanical vibrations and separates the external and middle ear.
Middle Ear
Contains the Auditory Ossicles and the Eustachian Tube
Auditory Ossicles
Consist of three small bones- the malleus, incus, and stapes. each bone is the size of a match head.
Auditory Ossicles
Conduct mechanical vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear.
Eustachian Tube
A tube that connects the middle ear to the upper part of the pharynx. Equalizes the air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.
Inner Ear
Consists of three areas- the vestibule, semicirular canals, and the cochlea.
Vestibule
A small chamber that collects sound vibrations that enter the internal ear. located in the central section of the inner ear.
Semicircular Canals
Are three half-circular canals arranged at right angels to each other. Each canal contains a fluid called endolymph.
Semicircular Canals
Located in the upper section of the inner ear. Controls balance, sense, body position, and equilibrium.
Cochlea
Picks up vibrations from the stapes and transforms the sounds waves into signals for transmission.
Organ of Corti
Site within the cochlea that contains mechanically sensitive hair cells. located within the cochlea. converts sound waves into nerve impulses via the hair cells.
Mydriasis
When the radial (dilator) muscles contract and the pupil dilates.
Cones
Perceive colors, bright light, and color vision.
Rods
Responsible for non-color vision under dim light conditions and sense motion.
Fovea
A cup-like depression or pit in the retina, is the greatest point of visual acuity because it contains more cones than rods.
Neural Messages
Are sent to the optic nerve where they are transmitted to the brain and interpreted as images.
Tears
To clean and lubricate the eye.
Malleus
Attached to the tympanic membrane, vibrates in unison with the membrane and strikes the incus.
Incus
Attaches perpendicularly to the malleus, acts as a lever and displaces the stapes.
Stapes
Vibrates the oval window in the cochlea
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...