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Final End of Chapter Questions (Ch. 12&13)

Terms in this set (30)

The Greater Antilles are found in which subregion of Latin America?
Caribbean
The Atacama Desert (in Chile) is the driest place on the planet because:
it is in the rainshadow of the Andes Mountains and because of the impact of the cold Humboldt current
T/F: As the tropical rainforest is the most productive biome in the world, its soils have huge agricultural potential.
False
All of the following crops were originally domesticated in Latin America EXCEPT:
coffee
All of the following EXCEPT ___ are past and present agricultural field arrangements found in Latin America.
taungya
The national parks in Costa Rica have sometimes been referred to as "diamonds in a sea of devastation" because:
many of Costa Rica's beautiful national parks are surrounded by intensive land use for agriculture, forestry and other uses
The main factor that allowed the Iberians (Spanish and Portuguese) to conquer Latin America in about 40 years' time was:
Old World diseases and subsequent population decline
T/F: Race is more of a social construction than a category backed up by real biological difference. From a genetic standpoint, there is often as much difference between individuals within a particular racial category (say, black or white) as there is between individuals in different categories.
True
The Spanish and Portuguese essentially invented a new form of colonialism in Latin America. While there were colonial empires in antiquity (such as the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans), the nascent European colonialism developed in Latin America was different because:
-these lands were much farther away from the metropole (or power center) than previous colonial ventures
-there was a cultural and religious component to Iberian colonialism that was new
-the highly extractive nature of Iberian colonialism, driven by mercantilist ideologies, marked a distinct departure from previous colonial endeavors, which had tended to be city states spawning new city states that traded with one anther
All of the following are examples of how gender roles are changing in Latin America except:
Many of Latin America's export-oriented industries, such as maquiladora assembly plants in northern Mexico along the U.S. border, or the cut flower industry in Ecuador, are largely staffed by women. Not only are these jobs in the export sector being made available to women, but the labor conditions and compensation are some of the best in the world
Geographer Judith Carney has been critical of the dominant conceptions of the Columbian Exchange (CE). All of the following are elements of her critique except:
The evidence suggesting the Old World seeds and crops flourished in the New World is weak
All of the following are critiques of tourism as a means of development in the Caribbean except:
Tourism creates an employment-intensive industry that creates lots of jobs
The rise of the indigenous peoples' movement in Bolivia was marked by a number of important milestones. These include all of the following except:
Indigenous people were granted universal suffrage for the first time in Bolivia during the administration of Evo Morales in 2008
Cuba is known for which of the following development achievements:
-free and universal health care
-a higher life expectancy than the United States
-a dramatic increase in food production for local consumption using largely organic methods after the end of its subsidized trade with the Soviet Union in 1991 and a tightening the U.S. trade embargo in 1992
T/F: Latin America remains one of the least urban of the major world regions.
false
The International Date Line marks:
the new day, to the west of the line from the old day to its east
Australia has a large number of earthquakes today primarily because:
the continent of Australia is being squeezed from the west and the east through plate movements
Atolls are comprised of ___ and are formed around ___ volcanoes.
limestone/dormant
Orographic precipitation on high islands:
-generates rain on the windward side
-creates dry conditions on the leeward side
-depends on the prevailing winds
The last country in the Pacific Ocean to be occupied by humans was:
New Zealand
More than 1,000 distinct languages are spoken in Melanesia because:
people migrated to the region around 30,000 years ago and had little spatial interaction with each other
The Lapita civilization is important to understanding the cultural geography of the Pacific because the Lapita:
acted like pioneers and purposefully settled beyond Near Oceania and into Remote Oceania
After World War II, colonies in the Pacific region were allowed to choose their political status. Each of the following demonstrates one of the three choices offered by the United Nations Trusteeship Council except:
New Zealand chose to become integrated into Australia
The Australian government passed the White Australia Policy in 1901 with the primary goal of keeping migrants from ____ out of Australia.
China
T/F: Residential segregation of Maori and Pacific Islander minority populations is relatively common in New Zealand.
True
Between 1500 and 1950, the center of global trade was the ___, and since the 1950s, the center of global trade has shifted to the ____.
Atlantic/Pacific
Distance decay assumes directional symmetry and that the actual distance between two places describes the level of connections between the places. Time-space compression recognizes that:
-some places or nodes are more connected by transportation and communication than others
-places that are not connected are distanced in the modern world economy
-the distances between global cities is compressed because of deepening connections between cities
T/F: Small countries like Kiribati are especially vulnerable in the rapidly changing world economy because they have few products and limited quantities of the products.
true
Greenhouse gases are a concern for climate change scientists because the gases:
trap energy in the troposphere
The country with the highest rate of carbon emissions per person in the developed world is:
the United States
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