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Community II Final Exam

Terms in this set (44)

upper respiratory tract infections are in the
oronasopharynx
pharynx
larynx
upper trachea
lower respiratory tract infections are in the
lower trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
infection agents (viruses)
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
other infection agents
groups strep A
staph
influenza
Respiratory development (age)
<3: maternal antibodies
3-6: infection rates increase
toddler-preschooler: high rate of viral infections
>5: increase in pneumonia and strep infections
immunity increases with
age
what factor does age play with organisms moving through respiratory tract
in younger children, diameter of airway is smaller so distance of structures is shorter
generalized s/s of respiratory infection
fever
anorexia
vomiting
diarrhea
abd pain
cough
sore throat
nasal blockage
nasal discharge
respiratory sounds
care mamagement
ease respiratory effort, rest and comfort
prevent spread of infection, reduce temperature
hydration and nutrition
support and reassurance
what is nasophayrngitis
common cold
what is nasophayrngitis caused by
numerous viruses including RSV, rhinovirus, influenza
treatment of nasophayrngitis
manage at home
some children will have fever, give antipyretics
acute streptococcal pharyngitis is caused by
group A b-hemolytic strep infection
acteur streptococcal pharyngitis puts you at risk for
rheumatic fever
tonsillitis frequently co occurs with
pharyngitis
therapeutic management of tonsillitis
tonsillectomy
adenoidectomy
what is influenza caused by
orthomyxoviruses Types A, B, C
is influenza viral or bacterial
viral
treatment of influenza
rest
hydration
antiviral to tame (with in 24 to 48 hours)
what is croup characterized by
horseless
barking cough
inspiratory stridor
varying degrees of respiratory distress
croup affects the
larynx
trachea
bronchi
croup causes upper airway swelling, intervention with child
keep child calm
worst kind of croup that is an emergency
epiglottitis
epiglottitis consists of
frog like crackling
sore throat
pain
tripod breathing
drooling
dysphagia
mild hypoxia
distress
manage child with epiglottitis
have trachea ready
do not touch or talk to child
what is dexamethasone
used to treat epiglottitis
helps reduce swelling/inflammation
bronchitis
tracheobronchitis
mild self-limiting disease
nursing care for bronchitis
cough suppressants
fluids
rest
commonality of RSV
common, acute, viral
winter and early spring
characteristics of RSV
build up of mucus
inflammation
s/s RSV
irritability
lethargy
reactions are late signs
treatment of RSV
bronchodilator
no OTC cough meds
tylenol or ibuprofen
fluids
oxygen
suction
saline mist
prevention of RSV
synagis (vaccine)
mostly given to preterm babies or high risk
causes of pneumonia
inhaled organisms
bloodstream infection
bacteria, virus, mycoplasma, pneumococcal
s/s of pneumonia
fever (103)
chills
crackles
treatment of pneumonia
abx
bronchodilator
steroids
suctioning
oxygen
repositioning
IS
TCDB
rasin HOB to 30
what to monitor with pneumonia
dehydration
wheezing contractions turning into retractions
what is pertussis
whooping cough
highly contagious
causes of TB
mycobacterium tuberculosis
how to test for TB
Mantoux test
positive reaction
treatment of TB
isoniazid
rifampin
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
6 mo regimin
prophylaxis for pt at high risk and INH for 12-24 mo
foreign body aspiration most common among
children age 1 to 3
asthma
expiratory wheezing
lower airway
child with asthma is wheezing, if wheezing stops how do you interpret this
getting worse, not better
airway getting tighter
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