United States History 1320 Final Exam- Dr. Law

Put the following eras into US History order
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Terms in this set (74)
Put the following eras into US History order
American Revolution, Ratification of the Constitution, Civil War, Reconstruction, Westward Expansion, Gilded Age, Progressive Era, American Imperialism, World War 1, Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War 2, Cold War, Vietnam, Korea, Civil Rights, War on Terror
WWI:
Why did Europe go to war in 1914?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated.
In 1914, what was the official US policy towards the war engulfing Europe?
Isolationism
What kind of warfare / fighting did soldiers experience in WWI?
Trench Warefare
What was the Zimmerman Telegram? Why was it important?
Proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico, so Mexico could attack the United States home front if they decided to enter the war.
5. What did the Spanish-American War have to do with Americans' attitudes towards war leading up to the US entry?
Short and easy victory for the United States; Pro-War sentiment
6. What was the Russian Revolution, and why did it matter to WWI and the US decision to enter the war?
The rise of the Soviet Union and communism. The United States felt threatened by communism.
7. How did military technology affect WWI?
New weaponry like machine guns, poisonous gases, and boobie traps resulted in HUGE casualty count.
8. What were the Fourteen Points (main ideas—not all 14 of them) and why did President Wilson propose them?
Blueprint for peace terms.
10. How did these terms negatively impact Germany's and Europe's future?
Germany's power was cut down and the all of Europe was sent into a spiraling Great Depression.
11. Why did the US decide to not join the League of Nations after our president was the one who proposed it?Congress voted no because there was a lack of communication between the president and congress about even entering the war.12. How did WWI affect the US economically—in general plus specifically regarding women's opportunities?United States was sent into an economic boom for a short period of time and women were allowed to work men's jobs and benefit from the war. Allowing women to start believing they were as strong and capable as men.Roaring Twenties: 13. What is "consumerism" and how did it affect American society?Consumerism: the protection or promotion of the interests of consumers. SUPPLY AND DEMAND; FREE ENTERPRISE ECONOMY14. Why were "flappers" controversial?Flappers were the beginning of feminism and they created controversy over the length of their skirts and their short hair. They changed fashion because they were feeling like strong, in control, ladies.15. What did the 18th and 21st Amendments to the Constitution do?18th Amendment: illegal to sell, manufacture, or transport alcohol 21st Amendment: Repealed 18th16. Why did various groups want to see the selling of alcohol stopped?World War I aftermath; Soldier temptation, German beer was UNPATRIOTIC, Alcohol was bad for business and productivity, Religious affect (impure and evil)17. How did Prohibition backfire?Demand for alcohol remained. Mobs developed. SPEAKEASIES18. How did the automobile industry "revolutionize" American society?Created new industries Changed social patterns19. How did the relationship between labor and capital change during this period?Companies gave into worker benefits so the workers wouldn't join unions20. What was Eugenics, and how did it affect American beliefs and policy?Some races were inferior due to genetics. SEGREGATION21. What was nativism, and how did it affect American immigration policy?Nativism is perception of immigrants as taxing the economy and increasingly different. IMMIGRATION RESTRICTIONS22. What was the Red Scare, and how did it affect immigration policy? How did it affect how labor unions were viewed?A promotion of fear of a potential rise of communism or radical leftism. In the United States, the First Red Scare was about worker (socialist) revolution and political radicalism.23. How did the Scopes trial reflect the clash between fundamentalism and modernism?John Scopes taught evolution (modernism) during a religious time for education.24. What type of entertainment became popular during this time?Broadway, silent movies, radioThe Great Depression: 25. What was the Dust Bowl AND what impact did it have on the Depression?was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the US and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dry land farming methods to prevent wind erosion caused the phenomenon.26. What were the causes of the Great Depression?economic crisis from unpaid debt of World War I.27. Why, in particular, did the stock market crash in 1929—what kind of a bubble was it?http://eh.net/encyclopedia/the-1929-stock-market-crash/ Speculation bubble28. What kinds of hardships did Americans face during the Great Depression?a lot of people didn't have any jobs, so they didn't get any money to buy food, pay for the rent, etc many people became homeless they also didn't have enough food29. What was the New Deal AND how did it reflect a change in the way the government approached the economy?A group of government programs and policies established under President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s; the New Deal was designed to improve conditions for persons suffering in the Great Depression.30. What was the purpose of the FDIC & SEC?Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation The FDIC operates by imposing a small tax on the amount of money that a bank has in deposits. If a bank goes under, the FDIC will first try to sell the assets that were used to secure the loans and will then dip into the insurance fund to pay back depositors. The FDIC also regulates banking practices. SEC regulated the major stock exchanges, the brokers and dealers, mutual funds and investment advisors.31. What were the "Fireside Chats" during this time? What impact did they have?one of a series of radio broadcasts made by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to the nation, beginning in 1933. Allowed the American people to be aware of what the government was doing.32. What was the purpose of "Alphabet Agencies" like the CCC, PWA, CWA, WPA, and the TVA?They were supposed to great new jobs and reform the economy little by little.34. Why did FDR float the idea of "packing" the Supreme Court? Did he go through with it?was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court. NO.35. Why did the government set up migrant labor camps during the Great Depression? How did the camps benefit organizers like Jose Flores?As unemployment swept the U.S., hostility to immigrant workers grew, and the government began a program of repatriating immigrants to Mexico. Immigrants were offered free train rides to Mexico, and some went voluntarily, but many were either tricked or coerced into repatriation. Mexicans were sent to work for people like Jose Flores.33. What specifically was the CCC and what connection does it have to Texas today?Civil Conservation Corps. In Texas, they create and maintain state parks.WWII: 37. What was fascism, and why did it take hold in Europe when it did?Fascism is an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization. disappointment over failure in Paris Peace Conference and rising inflation/unemployment38. What was "appeasement," and how did its lesson affect how the US viewed intervention later on?Appeasement: the action or process of appeasing. The intervention was held just to make nice with Europe.39. Why did war start in Europe?The Second World War was started by Germany in an unprovoked attack on Poland. Britain and France declared war on Germany after Hitler had refused to abort his invasion of Poland.40. How did Americans feel about war when it broke out in Europe?Extremely divided. Some people were all for the war, while others wanted to keep out of it and fix the economic problems in the United States.41. Why did the US government change from its earlier policy of Cash/Carry to Lend/Lease? Were we actually lending or leasing? (What had happened in the fighting in Europe between 1939 and 1941?)There was NO MONEY. We practically gave away weapons.42. How did WWII help to end the Great Depression?The United States' entrance into the war -- which spurred increased industrial and labor production for the war effort -- was the primary reason the Depression ended.43. What precedent did the Korematsu decision set?1944, Korematsu went to court against the United States because he claims that convicting him for refusing to leave the West coast during World War II violated his U.S. constitutional rights. So, he ran to San Fransisco and changed his name and pretended to be a mexican. Later, the United States military found Korematsu and arrested him. Koremastsu was put on probation for five years and after that he was convicted and put into a interment camp in Utah.44. Why were there tensions between the US and Japan that ultimately led to the Pearl Harbor attack?The United States tricked Japan into opening trade once again and they were not happy.45. What was D-Day, and why was it significant for the outcome of WWII?The invasion of northern France in 1944 was the most significant victory of the Western Allies in the Second World War. American, British and Canadian forces established a foothold on the shores of Normandy, and, after a protracted and costly campaign to reinforce their gains, broke out into the French interior and began a headlong advance. The German Army suffered a catastrophe greater than that of Stalingrad, the defeat in North Africa or even the massive Soviet summer offensive of 1944.46. Look back over these statements to see if they were true of what FDR did during the war: a. Refusing to help Allied nations with supplies ________ b. Dropping the atomic bomb on Germany __________ c. Dropping the atomic bomb on Japan _________ d. Protecting Japanese Americans from discrimination _________ e. Overseeing the mobilization of the US economy for the war effort __________a. FALSE b. FALSE c. TRUE d. FALSE e. TRUE47. Why did people have "Victory Gardens" and do things like buy war bonds and donate their girdles (in the Rose the Riveter stories)?To grow their own food so merchandise could be sent overseas, mostly to support the war efforts.48. What was the Manhattan Project?The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons during World War II. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.49. Why did President Truman decide to use the atomic bomb? Why didn't we use it against Germany?To end the war. To lessen the amount of casualties.50. What were the long-term consequences for Japan for this decision?SICKNESS & DEATH (birth defects, blindness, deafness, improper growth)COLD WAR: 51. Just to check: which countries were the two "superpowers" who squared off during the Cold War?The United States and the Soviet Union52. Why do we call it a "cold war" instead of just a regular war?Because the two countries never fought each other directly, it was called a "cold" war meaning there was no physical fighting.53. What happened in WWII that created major tensions between the Soviets and the US?U.S. foreign policy became one of containment - essentially, stopping the spread of communism wherever it could. This was in direct opposition to the Soviet Union's policy of fostering the spread of communism54. Why was it important for the US to help Europe after the war with aid packages such as the Marshall Plan?The Marshall Plan was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave $13 billion (approximately $130 billion in current dollar value as of March 2016) in economic support to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War 255. Why did we collectively pee our pants in 1949?The Berlin Wall began to be built.56. What did the "Iron Curtain" and NATO have to do with each other?NATOs expansion plan brought on the soviet to bring forth the iron curtain57. What was Sputnik AND why was it significant?Sputnik: First Soviet Satellite ever launch...it started the space race.58. How are the formation of NATO, the Korean War, the Berlin Airlift, and Containment all related?All of these stopped the Soviets from succeeding in winning the war for communists.59. What were Americans afraid of during the Cold War WITHIN America?The Red Scare. Communists within America.60. Why did the US get involved in Korea?We didn't like the Russians or communists so we got involved to stop communism. "I hate you...you want this thing...f**k you Russia"61. How did JFK and Khruschev resolve the Cuban Missile Crisis?They recognized the possibility of a nuclear war and resolved the problem by agreeing to dismantle the warheads and the US wouldn't invade Cuba.62. What were the Arms Race and Space Race?The United States and Russia trying to out do one another....63. What was the Domino Theory AND how did it affect American foreign policy?If one country falls to communism, then more countries will...America wouldn't have a foreign policy.64. How did some Americans respond to the military draft during the Vietnam War?A rejection of authority and a rise in drug usage to be denied enlistment.65. What was going on in Vietnam when the US decided to get involved? How did that involvement change over time?COMMUNISM66. Why did the US feel compelled to use napalm and Agent Orange as well as destroy villages in Vietnam?So there wasn't boots on the ground.67. How were American Vietnam veterans treated when they came home?Awful. "baby killers"68. What is the point of the provocative sign putting the Vietnam War and American race relations in context (...never called me a ...)?"Never call me a nig**r"69. What famous shooting took place at a university in the US during an anti-war protest?Kent State shooting.70. When Dr. King spoke out against the Vietnam War, what did some people label him?71. Ultimately, what did the US support for the governments of South Korea and South Vietnam during the Cold War show about our priorities?We are more concerned with foreign affairs than we are our own sh*t72. How did the Korean War end? How did the Vietnam War end?FAILURE73. When people today warn of the US getting into a "quagmire" with intervention, what do they mean?Quagmire: an awkward, complex, or hazardous situation.74. What is the beef between the US and Iran going back to the 1950s?Islamic Revolution75. Why does Kim Jung Un say today that North Korea and the US are still at war?Because he is dumb.... and most likely on drugs