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Laws and Compromises - United States History

Terms in this set (61)

The Navigation Acts
These laws established that all trade from the 13 colonies had to be conducted on British ships and all goods must pass through England.
The Proclamation of 1763
_____ declared that colonials could not move past the Appalachian Mountains until treaties were reached with Native Americans.
The Stamp Act (1765)
____ was a tax on all printed material in the 13 colonies. It led to heavy protest from colonials because it was not approved by colonial legislatures (no taxation without representation).
The Quartering Act (1766)
____ forced colonists to allow British soldiers to stay in their homes and also pay for their soldier's cost of living.
The Townshend Duties (1767)
______ put higher taxes on glass, paint, lead, paper, and tea. The purpose of the act was to raise money to pay the salaries of the royal governors
The Tea Act (1773)
In an effort to save the British East India Company, Parliament passed the ____. This act allowed the colonists to buy the tea directly from the company without the costs of middle men. This made the price lower than the smuggled tea. By allowing the tea to pay the royal governors the idea of having a representative assembly would be crushed
The Coercive (Intolerable) Acts (1774)
After the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed a series of harsh laws called the ___. Massachusetts was hit the hardest. Boston Harbor was closed. The colony's charter was revoked and the colony was made less democratic.
The Northwest Ordinance (1787)
The Confederation Congress established the possibility for three to five new states by issuing the _____. This law was the first attempt to outlaw slavery in a new portion of the United States
The Judiciary Act of 1789
____ was passed to set up in each state a federal district court operating according to local procedures. This eased tension within the states over whether or not the local court procedures would be changed.
The Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
_____ stated that foreigners had to wait 14 years to become citizens and one could not speak out against the government. Its purpose was to take support away from Democratic-Republicans.
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
The ____ were written by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts and stated that the state government could interpose itself between its people and the national government if it felt the laws to be unconstitutional.
The Embargo Act of 1807
Passed by Jefferson, this law stopped all trade outside the United States but was primarily aimed at Britain and France due to the violation of US neutrality laws
The Non-Intercourse Act (1809)
This bill opened trade to all nations except Britain and France. Congress would authorize trade with Britain and France if they stopped violating neutral rights.
The Missouri Compromise (1819-1820)
_____ stated that Missouri would become a slave state and Maine would become a free state in order to keep power balanced in the Senate. This law also drew a line on the US map declaring which areas of the country could have slavery.
The Indian Removal Act (1830)
This law gave the President the right to use force to move the Native Americans west of the Mississippi River
The Tariff of 1828 (and 1832)
"The Tariff of Abominations"
This law led to the Nullification Crisis in South Carolina because it raised taxes on imported goods coming to the South.
The Wilmot Proviso (1846-1848)
___ was an attempt to not allow slavery to spread to any territory gained from Mexico during the 1840s
The Fugitive Slave Act (1850)
The ____ sent Federal Marshals all over the US looking for runaway slaves. This created widespread opposition in the Free States
The Compromise of 1850
Proposed by Henry Clay, the ___ admitted California as a free state in the Union, and created the Fugitive Slave Law for slave holding states
The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
The ___ would repeal the Missouri Compromise, organize two territories, and leave the question of slavery up to popular sovereignty.
The Homestead Act (1862)
The ___ promoted the settlement of the west by granting 160 acres of land for low prices to small farmers
The Pacific Railway Act (1862)
The government subsidized land for the building of the transcontinental railroad under the ______.
The Morill Land-Grant Act (1862)
_____ subsidized land and funding for colleges that specialized in agriculture. (Example: Clemson)
The Military Reconstruction Act (1867)
____ divided the south into five military districts during Reconstruction in order to enforce new laws.
The Tenure of Office Act (1867)
____ denied the president the power to remove any executive officer who had been appointed by the president, without the advice and consent of the Senate. This law was broken by President Andrew Johnson
The Compromise of 1877
___ brought an end to Reconstruction by allowing Rutherford B Hayes to become president on the condition that the South would no longer be divided into five military districts
The Dawes Act (1887)
Authorized the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Native Americans. The goal of this law was to assimilate Native Americans into American culture
The Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
____ was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
To combat the idea of a trust, ____ outlawed all contracts and combinations that were in restraint of trade in interstate commerce
The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
Chinese were forbidden to enter the US for 10 years due to nativism.
The Pendleton Act (1883)
____ established the Civil Service Commission and the Civil Service Exam and did away with the Spoils System
The Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act (1906)
_____ established rules to regulate the meat packing industry and food industry. Theodore Roosevelt passed this as a result of muckraker Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle.
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)
____ extended the Sherman Anti-Trust Act and protected workers' rights to join Labor Unions
The Espionage Act (1917)
The ____set stiff fines and prison sentences for a variety of loosely defined antiwar activities during WWI.
The Sedition Act (1918)
____ imposed heavy fines and prison sentences on anyone convicted of using "disloyal, profane, or abusive language" about the government, the Constitution, the flag, or the military" during WWI.
The National Origins Act (1924)
The ___ restricted annual immigration from any foreign country to 2 percent of the total number of persons of that "national origin" in the United States in 1890
The Volstead Act (1919)
_____ was derived in 1919 to define intoxication and help enforce prohibition
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(FDIC)
The ___ was part of the New Deal that insures bank deposits
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
The ___ was part of the New Deal that gave young men 18-27 jobs in the national parks.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
The ___ was part of the New Deal that regulated the stock market
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
The ___ was part of the New Deal that paid young men 18-27 to build an electric dam and brought electricity to the southeast.
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
The ___ was part of the New Deal that paid farmers to destroy or not grow crops.
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Thanks to the ___, thousands of roads, bridges, schools, hospitals, and post offices were constructed and repaired
Social Security Act (1935)
___ was part of the 2nd New Deal that compensated the elderly and unemployed.
Neutrality Acts (1935)
____ stated the USA would not trade with any warring countries before the US entered WWII
The Cash and Carry Act (1939)
___ stated the USA would only trade with those countries that could pay up front and transport goods on their own ships (prior to entering WWII.)
Destroyers for Bases Deal (1940)
____ established the trading of battleships for land rights prior to the US entering WWII. (between the USA and Britain)
The Lend Lease Act (1941)
____ established the loaning of war supplies to the British prior to the US entry into WWII.
The Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill) (1944)
• It created modest weekly payments to Veterans until they found employment.
• Loan guarantees for the purchase of small businesses, farms, and homes.
• Entitled veterans to full tuition payments plus living allowances upon enrollment
The National Security Act (1947)
____ called for the creation of the National Security Council and the CIA.
The Federal Defense Highway Act (1956)
___ was passed by Eisenhower as a means of national defense. It established faster routes for moving military personnel and equipment.
The National Defense Education Act (NDEA) (1958)
___ was passed as a result of Sputnik and made High School students take more math and science
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
___ banned racial discrimination and segregation in public accommodations
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
____ invalidated the use of any test or device to deny the vote and authorized federal examiners to register voters in states that had disfranchised blacks
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964)
____ gave Johnson a "blank check" to increase American involvement in Vietnam. It was not an official declaration of war against Vietnam.
The War Powers Act (1973)
____ passed as a way to limit executive power in hopes of preventing something like the Gulf Of Tonkin Resolution from happening again. It established new rules about committing troops to foreign involvement.
The National Environmental Protection Act (1970)
____ was passed to enhance the protection of the environment.
Title IX (1972)
This law does not allow for discrimination against women in federally funded schools
The North American Free Trade Agreement (1994)
____ joined Canada, The United States, and Mexico together in a free trade zone.
The Patriot Act (2001)
Extended the government's powers to monitor telephone and email communications, including conversations between prisoners and their lawyers.
No Child Left Behind (2001)
___ requires all public schools receiving federal funding to administer a state-wide standardized test annually to all students
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