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Anatomy 2 lecture

Terms in this set (21)

Name the 12 CN
Olfactory Nerve
Optic Nerve
Oculomotor Nerve
Trochlear Nerve
Trigeminal Nerve
Abducens Nerve
Facial Nerve
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Vagus Nerve
Accessory Nerve
Hypoglossal Nerve
1. Describe the divisions of the nervous system both functionally and structurally
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2. List the functions of the nervous system
Collecting information (sensory)
Process and evaluate info (integrative)
Responding to the information (motor)
3. Describe the embryonic development of the neural tube during neuralation, be sure to include things like the neural plate, groove and folds and what can occur if this process does not occur correctly
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4. Define neuron and describe its structure
Neuron is the basic structural unit of the nervous system
Cell body-Nucleus
Axon -sends impulse
Dendrite- receives impulse
5. Describe the functional and structural classifications of neurons
Sensory- carries info from sensory receptors in PNS to CNS
Motor- carry info from CNS to effector
Interneuron- only in CNS connecting motor and sensory

Unipolar-one short process from soma
Bipolar-two
Multipolar- many
6. List the 6 types of neuroglia, where they are found and their functions
CNS: Astrocytes-create BBB
Ependymal- Form choroid plexus
Microglia- replicate in response to infection
Oligodendrocytes- Form myelin sheath

PNS: Satellite- regulate exchange
Neurolemmocytes- Myelinate axons in PNS
7. Describe myelin and the myelination process in both the PNS and CNS
made up of lipids and proteins, supports protects and insulates
Speeds impulse conduction
8. Differentiate between ganglia and nerve nucleus/nerve and nerve tract
Ganglia- collection of cell bodies in PNS
Nerve nucleus- collection of cell bodies in CNS

Nerve- collections of nerve fibers in PNS
Nerve tract- collection of nerve fibers in CNS
9. Describe the structure and organization of a typical nerve
Similar to muscle
Each axon surrounded by endoneurium
Multiple fasciles suppounded by epineurium
10. Describe the functions of sensory and motor nerves
Sensory- pick up stimuli
Motor- control muscle
11. Describe the structure arrangement of a synapse
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12. Describe the 3 part embryonic brain, 5 part embryonic brain and what adult CNS structures develop from the specific parts
3 part: Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon

5 part: Telencephalon-Lateral ventricles
Diencephalon-Third ventricle
Mesencephalon-Cerebral aqueduct
Metencephalon-Fourth ventricle
Myelencephalon-Fourth ventricle
13. Describe the position of the meninges as they protect the CNS
Dura mater (periosteal and meningeal layer)
Arachnoid mater (subarachnoid space with CSF)
Pia mater (adhered to brain)
14. Discuss the three places where the meninges form septa and create sinuses
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15. Describes the specific lobes of the cerebrum, their anatomical boundaries and their general functions
Frontal-planning/personality
Parietal- sensory function (touch)
Temporal- hearing/smell
Occipital- visual memories
Insula- emotional response
16. Explain the difference between gray matter and white matter and where each are found in the CNS
White matter is deep to gray matter
Gray matter is found in the cortex of the tellencephalon, white matter is found in the medulla. Grey is cell bodies white is axons
17. Explain how the cerebral hemispheres are connected and separated
Separated by a deep longitudinal fissure
Connected at the corpus callosum
18. Discuss the internal gray matter of the cerebrum and its function
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19. Describe the structures of the diencephalon, including their location and function
Thalmus-relay station for incoming info
Hypothalamus-controls food/water intake and body temp
Pineal gland- regulates sleep wake cycle
Pituitary gland- Endocrine gland
3rd ventricle
20. Describe the parts of the pituitary gland and how each communicates to the hypothalamus
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