Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

8th grade Science Final Exam

Terms in this set (100)

What are the step-by-step procedures of scientific problem solving called?
Scientific Method
What is a testable predication in an experiment called?
hypothesis
What is the first step taken when designing an experiment?
state the problem
What do you call an explanation of an observation?
inference
What is changed in an experiment to try to change the dependent variable?
Independent variable
What is the last step in an experiment?
Drawing conclouison
Why should an experiment be repeated?
To reduce chance of error
What is the SI unit for mass?
grams
What would you use to measure the length of a table?
meter stick
What is the SI unit for measuring volume?
liters
What would you use to measure temperature?
thermometer
What is anything that has mass and takes up space?
matter
Who discovered that atoms had a nucleus?
Rutherford
Energy levels of atoms are occupied by _____.
electrons
In _____, the atomic number decreases by two.
Alpha decay
Carbon has an atomic number of 6. If carbon's mass is 14, how may neutrons are there?
8
If an atom had 3 electrons, 3 protons, and 7 neutrons, what would be the atom's mass number?
10
Na+, what does this symbol tell us?
Positive Ion
Who was the first person to create the idea of the periodic table?
Mendeleev
The modern day periodic table is arranged according to what?
Atomic number
What does the atomic number of an element mean?
the number of the protons in the nucleus
Who arranged the periodic table as we know it today?
Moseley
The majority of the elements on the periodic table are _____.
metals
Luster is the ability to ______.
Reflect light
How many groups can be found on the modern day periodic table?
18
How many periods are on the periodic table?
7
Between the metals and the nonmetals, what can be found?
metalloids
What type of element best conducts electricity?
metal
What type of element makes the best insulator?
nonmetals
A semiconductor is usually made from _____.
metalloids
The elements in group 1 are referred to as _____.
alkali metals
All the elements in group 1 are metals except for _____.
hydrogen
What is the name given to elements in group 2?
Alkaline earth metals
What are the elements in groups 3-12 called?
Transition elements
What are elements that have no metallic properties called?
nonmetals
What is the most common element in the universe?
hydrogen
What are the elements in group 17 called?
halogens
What are the elements in group 18 called?
noble gases
What type of radioactive decay DOES NOT change an element into another element?
gama decay
Who was NOT a developer of the atomic model? Dalton, Rutherford, Planck, or Thomson
Planck
The first periodic table was arranged according to what?
Atomic Mass
What is the element name for H?
hydrogen
What is the element name for He?
helium
What is the element name for K?
potassium
What is the element name for Na?
sodium
What is the element name for Fe?
iron
What is the element name for O?
oxygen
What is the element name for Kr?
ktypton
What is the element name for Zn?
zinc
What is the element name for S?
sulfur
What is the element name for Hg?
mercury
What is the element name for Ne?
neon
What is the element name for Ni?
nickel
What is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy level?
8
Aluminum oxide is a chemical formula with 2 AI, and 3 O. How is this formula written?
Al2O3
How many dots are in an electron dot diagram for carbon, in group 14?
4
In the compound H2O, how many atoms are there altogether?
3
In the compound, C13H16N2O5, which element has the greatest number electrons represented?
hydrogen (H16)
All the elements in group 18 are in what state of matter?
gas
What is a charged atom that has gained one or more electrons called?
negative ions
What type of bond is formed when a positive ion and a negative ion join together?
ionic bond
What is a substance that contains two or more elements called?
compound
A bond in which electrons are shared is called a _____ bond.
covalent
What is the main diet of the coral?
plankton
What do corals need so that the zooxanthellae can conduct photosynthesis?
sunlight
Corals use their _____ to capture food.
tenticals
What types of mangroves can tolerate the seawater the best?
red
In a shark's anatomy, what is the largest internal organ?
the liver
What kingdom do corals belong to?
animal
What are the two types of coral generally seen in the Florida Keys?
hard and soft
A neutral solution has a ph of _____.
7
Which is an example of a substance? Air, lemonade, soil, water?
water
Which is an example of a mixture? Air, water, gold, carbon dioxide?
air
Which of the following items is a base? Vinegar, soap, orange juice?
soap
Which item is an acid? Antacid, water, lemons?
lemons
Evaporation, a physical change, could be used to separate the components of a _____.
mixture
3 examples of a heterogeneous mixture:
1. Salad
2.Soup
3.Trail mix
3 examples of a homogeneous mixture:
1. Lemonade
2. Milk
3. Tea
The more hydronium ions in a substance the more ____ the substance is
Acidic
A substance with a pH of 8 or higher is considered a ___
Base
A substance with a pH of 5 or stronger than a substance with a pH of 2? True or False
False
The more hydroxide ions a substance has than hydroniom ions the more ___ the substance is
Basic
Gold, silver, and iron are considered ____ or ____
Metals or elements
Water, carbon dioxide, and sodium chloride are considered ___
Compounds
Substances with pH 1 can
Burn soft tissue
Substances with pH 5 can be
be eaten
Substances with pH 8 can be used for
Cleaning
Lemonade is categorized as a _____ or ____
Homogeneous mixture or solution
List three materials that would make good insulators:
1. Wood
2. Rubber
3. Glass
List three materials that would make good conductors
1. Metal
2. Aluminum
3. Copper
The unit of measure for pressure is _____.
pascal
Fluids from layers based on their _____.
density
Archimedes' principle addresses _____.
buoyant force
Which substance can occupy different volumes, depending on the container?
gas
The fore that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid is called _____.
drag force
The unit of measure for force is _____.
newtons
As a diver goes deeper into the ocean, what happens to the buoyant force?
there is no change
Which principle describes: the pressure of a fluid decreases when the speed of that fluid increases?
Bernoulli's principal
What increases as elevation decreases on Earth's surface?
Atmospheric pressure
A book is dropped on a closed bottle of ketchup. What principle is being applied?
pascals principal
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...